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With regard to Ecclestical Vest- ;ments. which Reader prizes so highly, ‘I would say first that I shall be greatly ‘obliged to Reader if he indicate the specific passagesâ€"chapter and verse. . so to speakâ€"from the early Scripture writers where he finds those “frequent ”allusions” to the surplice. to which he ‘ refers. Also I shall be thankful for a .deflnition of what he calls. EARLY ‘éChristian writers. Did they live in lthe first century or in the third or {fourth or later? This point should he ttled for it may be vital to the sub- uent discussion. 1' am quite. well ware that certain early writers such‘ Jerome and Clement of Alexandria; in one or two passages. refer to par- 5 titular articles of dress. but it is not at V certain that the references are to my clerical dress lin the Christian Church)as destinct from that of the nable, so scholarly. so matter of What until Reader shows the con- }Cplusions arrived at therein to be falla- licions, it would be useless to say more Ethan to ask every fair-minded enquirer " give the Extract a second reading. If read with open mind and a spirit from bias or bigotry I feel sure it ill have a good effect. City. It is still less certain that these references are to the Surplice directly '4' indirectly, hence my desire to know where the passages can be foundâ€" whether in the New Testament, or in Polycarp. or J ustin, or the Shep- hd of Heron-as. or in such works as the Epistles of Ignatius parts of which .1: confessedly of doubtful authentic- Allnw me to say further. that if this matter nf VEHTMESTS were. in any ”use. so important. as Reade!" thinks, it is ineonceivable tu me that the Great Founder of Christianity would ”get to give specific directions as to figh- cut. eoloz, texture. etc. If such Mime; are omitted from the New Wot, it is a very significant fact to the attitude of Jesus and his k' r . . . the question. Even ‘ Anglican writers con- ' n m triflal thatthey to their realm for DEAR EDITOR. â€"l~ux the present 1 ’ball add no mme upon the question pf Apostolic-a1 Succession, discussed in your last issue, than to say that Mac- Pulay’s argument appears so eminently J Sir Wilfrid Laurier has more than pace been suspected of prevarication gn dealing with public questions. The {Prime Minister has answered many finestions in parliament in a vague ay when the opposition desired to liecure important information, and labia is not as it should be. The head 2')! a government of a great country gahould be above such demeaning sub- lgerfuge. But when we have the evid- lSnce of J. Israel 'l'arte. that Sir \Vil- lire-d is untrutht’ul when it suits his finalise, we can realize how difficult a position the present opposition occupy ,- n discharging their duties as the crit- licsot' Canadian alfairs. Mr. 'l‘arte, ,lwhen opposed to Sir \\'ilt'red, gave the. llprt'sent leader of the government this .l'louhtt'ul eertitirate of rharaeter: l “Mr. Laurier has rommeneed his Electoral tour. To-morrow he will lipeak at Stanthld. H» will probably ipave an opponent. and will say all the Qantrutht’ul things that he considers hseful in his own llt'rt'llt't'. Mr. Lam'- .BCCLESIASTICAL VESTMENTS. DURHAM CHRONICLE VlaCFarlane 6: C0. PARTE’S OPINION OF LAURIER. (odaks load in Daylight W. IRWIN. Editor and Proprietor. DIUGGIS'I‘S up Booxsnuzns. ocket . . hotography (Signed) "J. ISRAEL TARTE.” was only made possible by the Kodak Film Cartridge. Not only does the Kodak go inside the pocket. but inside the Ko- dak goes the film, all becomes one compact, convenient case. no dark room required a with plete Cameras. Come and see our stock. We have them from $1.00 up. Supplies of all kind: on hand. :, JULY 17TH, 1902. Outside of these was the paenula or overcoat from which the larger part of the Ecclesiastical Vestments are de- rived. Gradually this displaced the toga and was worn instead of it. From different forms of this overcoat were derived, (i) the CASSOCK (casula or capote), later the CHASUBLE, known as the outdoor garment of the clergy, (ii) the COPA or waterproof and (iii) the CHIMERE which might be seen un- til recent years ll] the bishop’s satin robe. This was the robe “ which vex- ed the soul of good Bishop Hooper.” so that only, after imprisonment and at the sword’s point it is said, did be con sent to wear it at his conwcrntion â€"-Of late years this who has been laid aside even at the installation of a bishop. The second part of the dress was a‘ sort of shawl wrapped round the shoulders over the shirt. the Roman TOGA or PALLII'M. This appears in the fourth century as the dress equally of clericals and laity. The only relics of this now are seen in the white flan- nel robe of the pope and in the PALL of an Archbishop. There yet remain the'S'rOLF which was originally a handkerchief “ for blowing the nose or wiping the sweet 03 the face,” and the Km which in In later time this shirt (the Roman Uolobium) was worn over the sheep- skin or otter-skinâ€"the PELLISSE of the Northern barbarians, hence in the twelfth century arose the name SUPER- PELLICIUMâ€"OI‘ SURPLICE, the oyerfur. This was generally worn by both clergy and laity indoors and out-of-doors. This appears to be the true origin of the surplice. About the same time arose another form of the same dress â€"the ROCKET worn by the mediaeval bishops out-of-doors at all times ex- cept when hunting. For the origin of Lawn Sleevs see Hody, ON Coxvo- annoy. Bckker’s GALLUSg pp. 400â€"402. From the inner garment, the TUNIC or CAM- lsIA (still retained in the word chem- ise) came, because of its white color the ALB, which name has become perpetu- ated in ecclesiastical phraseology. FolloWing the changing fashions pre- vailing then as now the camisia had two forms, the full garment and the sleeveless, the latter of which became fixed after the time of Constantine as the appropriate dress of a Deacon, who as the working man of the clergy was supposed to work in his shirt sleeves. “This was the first element of ecclesiastical Vestments as the Deacons were the first elements of a Christian Ministry.” First then at the time of the Chris- tian era, the same general .euostnle was worn by all classes of people. whether lay or clerical, in the Whole Roman Empire, east and west. “The Roman, Greek or Syrian gentlemen or peasants usually had no hat, no coat, no waistcoat and no trousers. He had shoes or sandals: he were next his skin first a shirt or jacket, double or sin gle, then a long shawl or plaid: and again, especially in the later Roman period, a cloak or overcoat.” See Secondly, so far as history teaches anything on the subject, its finding is that “the dress of the Clergy had no intentionâ€"Symbolical, Sacerdotal, Sacrificial or mystical : but originated simply in the fashions common to the whole community of the Roman Em- pire during the three first centuries.” That Clerical Vestments originated as Milton’s fine. phrase puts it, “from Aaron’s wardrobe. or the Flamen’s Vestry” is not only not true, but is the reverse of the truth. It would be too long to go fully into the origin of each of the vestlnents which have been regarded in different ages of the world as belonging peculiarly to the clergy, but a, short sketch is necessary to establish the truth of the above state- ment which is diametrically opposed to Reauler's claim that the Surplice had its origin in the Ancient, Jewish Temple. ceremonial instituted by God: himself. } My impression is that the New Test- ament is silent as to the use of the Surplice. It furnishes no clue, it gives no hint, that the Apostles differed in their dress from the rest of the peo- ple among whom they labored. I 1 have also a faint impression that in the New Testament there are only two ‘ references to the Apostles’ dress and ‘ that these are merely incidental. One when St. Peter ‘_“ girt his fisher’s coat about him and cast himself into the sea” and the other when Paul asks Timothy to bring with him to Rome the cloak which he left at the house of Carpus in Troas. In neither of these cases is there any allusion to the Sur- plice or to any Clerical dress. Canon Farrar speaks of Paul’s cloak as prob- ably his waterproof, the rough outer garment which the aged Apostle would find needful for his comfort as he look- ed forward to a long winter in the gloomy cells of a Roman Prison. If any other references are found in the New Testament, to clerical dress in the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, I shall be glad to stand corrected. hand, Reader considers it of great im- portance. If he has had any special revelation on the subject, if a new star has arisen on the ecclesiastical horizon throwing fresh light upon it, then I for one, will sit at his feet and learn of him while he makes the discovery known to the world. $392.71: Adair, .7. 558; Goodfellow, H. 550; Gordon, 1. 677; Irish. F. 556; Roberts, R. 678; Robertson, H. 702; Russel, A. 550: Scott, R. 653: Blakcly, B. 559; Cameron, M. 600: Cooper, M. 627 ° Fry M. 706; MoAulay, A. 668: Mahood, E. 557: Morrow, D. 620: Neilson, E. 633: Peterson, M. 550: Bundle, V. 782 Russel, J. 571: \Vinters, M. 588. and people agree that Scott’s Emul- sion of cod-liver oil is the be$t thing to take for “don’t feel well and don’t know .why,” especially babies -â€"they like itâ€"men and women don? t mind it, but babies actually enjoy it. DUNDALK. Thirty-three wrote at this centre; the following have passed :â€" Gottfried, R. 72); Hawkins, N. 662; Burke, M. 582. Adams, A. 741; Armstrong, L. 707 : Ball, E. 557; Campbell, 0. 557; Dober- er, E. 694; Fulton, I. 576; Horlock, E. 588; George C. 666; Mitchell, E. 671; Riley, B. 758; Sandlos, M. 579; Schae- fer, L. 653; Tyrcman. L. 590; Bier- wirth, F. 823; Eby, S. 786; Koenig, N. 832; Keuhner, B. .581; Lunney, H. 819; McLean, G. 811; Purvis, M. A. 603; Rudolph, H. 742; Smith. R. 783; Swit- zer, H. A. 794; Thaler, I. 819; Ur stadt, E. 828. , In... 3.8 : :11: .30 did .4. g 9 Co‘ln 0.33.93. .8. :L 2.8» £3331r3 NEUSTADT. Seven wrote at this Centre; the fol- lowing have passed :â€" Bellamy, l“. 596; Buckingham, M. (H6; (.‘ooper, E. 568; Fletcher, (7. 580; Harrow. E. J. 592; llumberstoi‘ie, A. 550; Johnston. A. 558: Kearnahan, K. 576; Lawrence B. 550; Legate, I 835; )Imlill, E. 676; M(.°Arthur, M. V. 626; MeCullmn, S. 622; McLean, S. 601; Me.â€" Leod, M. 676; Paul, F. 762; Smith, B. 575; \Villcock, A. 572; \Vilson, A. 864; Bellamy, C. 554; Ferguson, 8. 606: Gmney, S. 664; Genoe, E560; Guy, H. 582; Hemphill, T. A. 669; Karstead, F. G. 612; Morrison. R. 617; Philip, V. 652; McTavish, C. E. 610; Smith, C. 562; Teeter, L. A.613; Thurston, S. A. 714; Thurston, A. 628; VVillcock, W. 671 ; \Vilson, W. 661. Twenty-five wrote at this centre; MARKDALE. the following have passed :â€" Bradley, M. J. 550; Brown, L. K. 646; Crabtree. M. F. 739; Fogarty, M. 697; Hunter, M. 722; Irwin, F. 6%; Love, N. 588; Morrow. V. 551; White- oak, M. 553; Buchanan, S. 623; Lucas, H. 677; McFaddin, W. 683. HANOVER. Twenty-seven wrote at this centre; the following have passed :â€" Forty-five wrote at; this centre; the following passed :â€"-â€" Ector, J. 617; Elliot, J. 701; Fairlmrn, R. 637; Findlay, (l. 695; Greenwood, A. 685; Henry, R. I). 572; Hisock, \V. 743; Kelly, ". 580; Knox, \V. L. 606; McCrio, H. 6334; McDonald, H. 632; McKay, \V. 568; McPhail, H. 550; Merchant, l“. 557; N oble A. 708; “'01)- lwr, A. 710; \Veir J. 699. Bacus, G. 597 ; Blackburn, 1). 559; Calvart, R. 559; Cameron, A. L' 613; Cmneron, B. 630; Coutts, L. 578; For- ster, E. 702; Greenwood, E. 717: Ken- ny, K. 607; McCunig, S. 682; McKay, A. 693; Park, 831.599; Vasey, N. 692; \Valker, L. 705; \Vallace, N. 651; \Vil- lis, G. 611; Aljuo, (I. 560; Allan, T. (535; Blyth, \V. 663; Calder J. 592; DURHAM. Sixty-three wrote at this centre; the following have passed :â€" Speaking of the Primitive Church, the last named writer has this signif- icant paragraph :â€"“There is no record of any peculiar robes being worn in public by the clergy. The ecclesias- tical garments had no symbolical or sacerdotal significance. They were the apparel of the Romans in the early centuries, kept by the clergy after the garments had ceased to be the fashiou among the people. The first appear- ance of a distinction between priestly and secular dress is in a mosaic in the church of St. Vitalis at Ravenna, be- longing to the sixth century, and in another mosaic of the same period in the church of St. Sophia at Constant- inople. From two pieces of the an- cient Roman dress, the tunic and the toga, the costume of the churches, East and West, was developed.” Next week, I shall try to conclude this very interesting researchâ€"Thank- ing you for space, I am ies, Fairbairn’s Dictionary of the Bible, the Schafl-Hertzog Encyclopedia of Biblical Knowledge, under various articles, Bekker’s CHARICLES pp.-â€"399 â€"425, Marriott’s VESTIARIUM p. x11 22, Tomassin’s VETUS ET Novm DIS- CIPLINA'ii, 2. 49,fBingham’s Antiquities of the Christirn Church, Cardinal Bona, i, 14, and Fisher’s History of the Christian Church. ancient days was the cap or turban worn on festive occasions by princes and nobles, and even to this day‘ is worn by peasant women in the East. For preof of these facts, I refer Reader to Smith’s Dictionary of the Bible, Smith’s Dictonary of Antiquit- ENTRANCE EXAMINATION. Yours, MacLeod Medicine 00., Goderich, Out. For nearly one year I was in terri- ble distress, could not sleep any night with nervousness. I would often get cold and powerless. My heart would stop, cease to beat, and as of- ten I thought Iwould die. When the coldness passed 011 my heart would palpitate and the blood would rush to my head. Then I would think I would choke to death. I tried medical aid and persevered in difierent treatments, but got no ben- efit. A good friend advised me to get some of your medicine. I am happy to state that I did get your edies a fair trial. Anyone Wishing to hear from me can write to me. 1 will be only too glad to give them all particulars. c., about my case. I the mares, not the hor-se', altfiought‘a course, there are worthless stallions of all breeds.â€"Michigan Farmer. So, the first thing a farmer should do when he starts raising horses is to get brood mares of the class he wants, and with more or less of the blood of the breed he proposes breeding them to â€"â€"the more the better. This will be found equally advisable whether he pro- poses raising draughts, carriage horses or roadsters. And such mares should not be matched haphazard, but after careful examination of the stallion and his breeding, and of some of the colts if possible. But do not condemn a stal- lion because he gets some poor colts un- til you examine their dams. As a rule, you will find most of the trouble is with Improve the Brood Maren. We think the great reason why no many ordinary horses are bred on the farms comes from relying wholly upon the stallion and paying little attention to the character and breeding of the mares. In horses uniformity is worth money in any market, especially in those of good class, Whether they are heavy draughts or carriage teams, and you cannot get uniformity in the produce except through kindred blood. You zannot breed a mare or Percheron and trotting blood and other with coach, Clydesdale and trotting blood, t0\ the same stallion, and get a pair of match- ed colts. Nature will not belie herself, and she has declared so often and em- phatically that “like produces like,” and what you sow so shall you reap, that it is useless to attempt longer to do the impossible. uuvv WORK. Mr. C. E. Lane, King Street East, In- gersoll, Ont.: “I have been subject to attacks of backache and kidney trouble for some years, owing to heavy work on the farm in my early da 3. Every attack of cold aggravated it. have tried other remedies in the past but with little efl‘ect, and decided to try a bottle of Dr. Pitcher’s Backache Kidney Tablets. I got a bottle from A. E. Gayfer, druggist, using at first three and then two at a dose, as they proved a little too laxative. With the two tablet dose the pain and other trouble disappeared, and since then there has been no return, consequently I am sure theym a. good medicine.” G Dr. Pitcher-’3 Backache Kidney Table“ are 500.. a Box, at all druggists or by null, THE Du. Zm‘x Prrcnmu Co., Toronto, Ont. There is scarcely a c} farmerin this ‘f ~, country but knows what I backache is. The h ar (1 . wor k an (1 heavy lifts, the constant grind of toil from early - morning till late at night, fre. quently bring the stabbing pain in the back or the dull grinding ache that knows no let up. Then too there are often urinary troubles, swelling of the feet and ankles, pufliness under the eyes, rheumatic pains in the joints and muscles. Dr. Pitcher ought to be held in high esteem by every farmer in the land on account of his Backache Kidney Tablets, which are doing such a grand and noble work in banishing backache, kidney and urinary troubles, which are such universal complaints on the farm. Gore Bay, Manitoulin Id., Ont., May 2nd, 1894. Truth is mighty. Farmer’s Backache. ir trial. Anyone wxshing an we can write to me. 1 3' too glad {0 give them all . IL ‘ KEEP OUT! , about my case. I an never forget you. any one belonging to rd your aid I know NELSON SrowE if; To Tone the System and enrich the blood, r ache Budd’s Alterative Pills. GENTLEMEN .- Fine high-Class A Full Line of all Patents and Drugs carried in Stock To Keep Kool and Fresh Magnesia, sold in bottles. No Nicer Preparation can be found than Castor Oil Emulsion. Children cry for it. H. PARKER. - DRUGGIST. TAILORING I am fully prepared to discuss the new styles for the coming season. My reputation for Styllsh, Perfect fitting and well tailored clothing stands second to none (no reason to get clothes out of town). I am prepared to show you the choicest selections of fine Imported Cloths, as to pricesâ€"no higher than anywhere else. as to fit and make we are bound to be ahead. and Teacher of the Nonparell System Ladlcs’ Tailoring a Specialty Near Lambton St. Bridge . A. Glass, . B.â€"-Paris Green 20c 3 lb. and Potato Bug Killer '1 per 100 pounds. '9. t. Durham, 0n Breakfast New. . . Machinery We’ve just added at new The People’s R. MCGOWAN. Parker’s Effervescent also got our new Chopper in first class running order. and have a Inge quantity of Chop- Ped Corn. “'heat. etc. on bond. Give our Break- fut t trial. It’s good. line of cleaning machin- ery. Suction from rolls. Steamer for steaming the wheat, and are now pre- pered to furnish a fine grade of flour. Give us a, triel end be convinced. MILLS. They Wer 00’? BOYS PUT IT FOREST LA According clumpionship Intermediate battles of M sticks with t negation nu defeated by a out-chased at 'htt we hea their sumen‘ peeled nothin our boys he! team that w ”any cutizens ume Opinion. italist of MOI lost a little “ tondskius they found luflicent co the home dollars on 1 The follow the teums : Day ment DURHAM Crooks Mnthioson Culbeck McCrncken Sheppard Collinson lleredith “'inkler Mum-0.. . Mclm yre McCartee Shortly after {our Kenna of Drama whistle tnd the ha! “I 1 short tusse 0'0" t “scrimmag ii!!! IbOllt {our (‘0!1.‘ bull landed in tiw “Ithing that \\':1~ 1.670806 fields. amid from the large (-nw most. instantly who» ' k “tin. and dmix. the quarter the» 3. In 00"] near the .\‘u with the exceptinu when series of con. “to the other rnd returned on the 31 5’ three or {our v The Whistle New. “other game was s A little inch}. this juncture v to describe. In tho altercation “nation. In the sevoml .11: “I!“ “'rnv in u- ‘1 '0 win. The) u M plating. Inn . “O"fl tht’y fHH'lIi dun-d by HIP 1: Med nnqther lmi to: about five 1' _h’u accred'aaain. ‘3 to 0 in their (avo Dflcrmitwd to re “0|! the \‘i93t("f'~ (3 mutter for all 11.9)" utter a hard fighx IDOL During the I Qul’ter Hm hal' wa .‘ '50 Mount For?! Outside Insidc ITALLO an De 16! Ho: 3rd BC End 80 dD<