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our Early ben and other as all Fresh ATO E5 "in: “911C. ty Bakery '. BLACK W060. ew 3 IOU Sam ora 09999099.0000999999990999... ”OQOOQOOOQONOWOMM at igl « ooocoaoermoaoouw L'G STORE mt “85a53¢31 Lin? Hogs. per artâ€".1: Hide-s. per lb ........... She-P iins.. ............ 333888888 Chicken.........:..... 1 Bakery Goods \IARKET REPORT l“ {I Frnvzvr when you can . .o.o 0.00.0000. ooooIQOOOOOoooo .ooooooooooocoo OIOOOOOOOOOOOI. o cOOOOOOOOOOOCO 00......0...... oo...ooaoooooo im- Stuves? ll Durham ’ ‘~' H" I'Q‘?ni. IT’S GOOD have Hammocks life». and a good fighter. ;;ham, on Thursda 0 Mr. and Mrs. Bo . BORN all tht' time if !» nut forget .x- in the hard- y uur animal “fountain ( ' 1: H A .\l Itis‘fivd after na- lit'cctions two- £110 0‘ Chamb- u' Liver Tablet. xur money back. 0 and invigonto 'rve the digest!” ls. Give them I 1. Sold by all qunade the best. an. 1910 8 85 t0 ’ 240m W8 3) L3 to II) to 18 to 17 to t0 filence Canada. Canada, 03nd of the bnv Sons of the war-path, and tom the 563. Land 0‘ no slum-lash, to-day thou enslaved Millions of hearts with affection for thee . Bells churn. out merrily, Trumpets call chcorfly, he he sky ring with the shout of g e free. Mda, Canada, iaod of the iairest, Daughter! 0‘ am that is kissed by the sum finding the charm‘ oi all lands that are rarest, , Like the bright ceatua of Venus in one. Bells chime out merrily, Trumpets call cheerily. I new reign ol beauty on earth is f only a few weeks ago all the Empire mg with the news that at last after xong weary period of negotiation, {3. several states of South Attica had cably settled their differences and formally signed the Union agree- .gnts. Just a few years since the Instrslian provinces did the same thin: and made out of their broken avr"? as” not thy heart to the music tiny make. . Bells chime out merrily, Trumpets _ca|l gin-«fly! fie lp, jarring communit flmmlm wealth. And on wi 81011, t I! ma: A Dlflficult Task. Iti “03 ago t! Ibo said it Itlisn': 11nd mibln. the SIR JOHN A. MACDONALD. e was the man who realized the Value of a Provincial Union and threw himseif into the work of bringing it about. His was the task of taking charge when the work was complete, and steering "‘ UuV â€"â€"â€" -_ '7" f tie between Britain and if? .' :‘ \nierican colonies. The." "fix -- Mneugain strength enough ‘0 ' China and some day the Gov- °"3<'Y-' :rrai would be sent packing. 153’ half a century ago. Only ' “R“;- 32'0. clever scientists said thsz 1:; ; would never fly with a ma- ch”? '1-"\'ier than air. To-day men "9 1" it. And toâ€"day, aged iorty- "”99 L-‘w‘ '~-mere infancy as nations firm -" yr-arSâ€"Canada stands firm h 9‘" 7:" member, the .lustiest child "50,92 T'w- nations. The tie with her ”Fin-quently to miscovorn. Durham’s Attemm. {by soul to the voico of thy 1‘ Was a. big and {ntricatc problem thi‘c” -i any man of the first 11811 “ '63:? - r iury who should “7 to nuke 'imed Canada Lord Durham made .5" 5-H eflective attempt at it. In ‘ “- days there were two 01‘5”? 0' ggety. me peeple and the omen“. ‘Were a little bit better “I“ a” 55?“: and had control of the 80”” }‘”“‘3‘ These men constituted the “:33“? Cpmpact of blesged mops)?! ‘9 ___-- h O :i" r W. What) the n ruin: In .5» 32%;:st the abuses O! m l"I' W1 lilblno 1 Canada, the elder sisfer looked it ' interest. for it was a moment Lsfaction to her in all the glory :r forty odd years of confedera- tn watch the younger units of the 5}. Empire solving their problems lll()r1h(md along the same lines II had followed is roal and sleepris amlul Canada, land of the maple, of the iorest and rivor and a) ‘ O. 1910 .. union 0! p Even so lit a any task, this one of peace- inn and a couple of genera- there were very wise men ;t could not be done. Fed- 'lwr the monarchy was im- hey declared. With widely interests the provinces ~r hold together, their de- l conflict and they would ‘3' falling out. Thus much Over in the Mother Coun- wvre men who said that uf the province; meant the â€"John Reade. ies one great s’lt‘p. The Maritime Provinces stoou uloof‘ from the union for various rea~~ «ms. some of which are quite obvious when one considers the state of the country at the. time. The coast coun- try had little in common with the in- land provinces. There were no rail- ways to link them up either commer- cially or sentimentally, all Lower Canada with its French lay between the two Englisli-afwaking - sections, and, after all, the Bluenoses were a self-contained little nation all by themselves with their shipping and their timbering and their farming and their culture brosght up by boat from Boston. East Stood All: of. With a bit more «R imagination at their disposal they might have fore- 3 en that the centre of-populution was gmng to gq far west, and that they wont} have to get an early start to be the gateway for the vast reaches of land that expanded to the Rockies. £3th tie}: leaked Lip-3'1 the prairies as a waste of snows, sparsely inhabited by strangers and too cold to ever mnuunt to anything. .\ parlonabie 'rru‘r after all, and one that has. been ...nde many times since with less jns- iii-alien. tari m The Work Begins. The Maritime Provinces â€"- Nova Seotia. New Brurwick and Prince Edward Islzmclmlimgim to see the ad- vantage of eombining their forceâ€"- just the three of them. So the ar- ranged for a convention at Char otte- town. .-mongst the men who gather- ed there were some whose names have beeome household words throughout the greater Domini-"m. From Nova Seotin came. Charles Tupper, W. A. Henry, R. B. Diekey, Jonathan Mc- C‘ully. and Alarms G. Archibald. From New Brunswiek were Samuel G. Til- ley, J. M. Johnson, J. H. Gray, E. B. Chandler, and W. H. Stevens. Col. Gray. E Palmer. W- H Pope, G Coles and A. McDonald represented Prince Edward Island. ‘ About this time thing: were becom- ing acute. in the Fnion Parliament and George Brown. editor of :I‘he Globe, um ,I ,__ LL. as unfair to the new-comers in un- ."rio, and, dreading that the Upper ’20 ince should get any more voices e. the assembly, the French members encouraged immigration. It was now that men began to reaâ€" 120 the necessity for :1 “him federa- ion, which would help to solve the ternal see-saw of the two races. And are, too, was develoyed the idea of '19. Provincial Legislature, which is LfTM‘ all the secret. of the success of he Whole federation system. When he Union Parliament met the mem- ;'.r.~; came forty-two versus forty-two, he representatives of each race bear- ng a sheaf of bills for its own (19- relopment and the result was a clearl- Lo-k. How long this could last to- lay is a problem, but in the days of :he Union it lasted for twenty-three crars, from 1841 to 1804. l) had a committee appc chairmanship to cons of the difficulty. Th defiberations was a that a federal system local houses be four more comprehppsil'v of all the Vinces be Brown Intervenes. By reason of his disagreement with the policiqs of both parties, Brown was a bit of a pariah at the time. tatii and when at 183! rm- wum. reached he came forward with t’:.~; olive branch which he tendered I. both leaders or to either. These were the great Macdonalds, akin by nanw but mortal enemies in 'pOIitics, tho first Hon. Sandfield Macdonald, Pre- mier, and the other John A'. Macdon- ald, leader of the Opposition, a man destined to become the Premier 0 t. Dominion nod foremost statesman of his time. John A. saw the trend of affairs, the! he wuguick to take the M m «3 01110. At a historiâ€" " 4"“ ‘n Quebec ho end Brown 1- -- [0" . tivev stood aloof and watch: (1 the II of the \nngrl‘r_»11r'h combina- It (lid not t} xrivn wry w.e11 On- ) was gro.~ing rnpid‘y and Que- um: standing still. 'I‘ne repre- .atiun in the lTinnn Legislature u xfair to the now-comers in_ On- f EARL OF DURHAM. we first Confederationist. His re- port in l838 foreshadowed the mergz ing of the Provinces end.resulted in the first Union of IS“. nrohcnsh British N arranged ‘Illk- e Union Parliament and .. editor (if The Globe, top aypnintwl under his to considr a way out lty. The result of the was a recommendation 1 system with separate be founded or that a Icnsivv schme of union ish North American pru- crisis W3 fifilflx‘? met and settled their dinerences. They formed a coalition Government and for the first time since 1841 ap- proxnmate peace reigned. Then came the Charlottetown con- vention. This was the long sought Opportunity. Permission was asked for an Upper and Lower Canadian delegation to attend the meeting, and when it was granted, eight members headed by Brown and Macdonald went down the St. Lawrence in the Govern~ ment steamer Victoria. The old leel- ing still existed, however, and the eastern representatives declared that they were not authorized to discuss the larger union. The conference de- cided to wait till October when they could get new instructions from their respective Governments. But when . adjournment was taken the Confedera- ;tion plan was as good as won. And éjust to show by what little things big issues are directed, the thing that .turned most of the eastern delegates 3, in Iavor of a full union was the trou- ible they foresaw in deciding which ‘of the Maritime Provinces should Lhave the capital. iThe “Thirty-three.” l In the month of October, 1864, there met in the ancient city of Quebec thirty-three men who constituted the most important conference in the his- mvu' v-'â€"â€"â€"v -__-, tory of Canada. They were all veteran statesmen, twelve from Ontario and Quebec, five from Nova Scotia, seven from New Brunswick, seven from Prince Edward Island and two from Newfoundland. Sir E. P. Tache was elected president of the gathering. For eighteen long days the debate was carried on behind closed doors, and what difficulties arose are known only to the delegates, but at last things were smoothed over, and when th<y adjourned confederation was advunc :d a stage. It was not yet settled (low: east. In Nova Scotia, New B11115 wick, Prince Edward Island and \e\\- foundland. In the first named pro.» ince the objection was that 111w (ii? not. receive a suflicii-nt pruportiun 11f the Dominion revenue to 1111111111111 ,xpenses of governnmnt. 'I‘h-wy 1h: 1' - fore shelved the whole math-r. [11 New Brunswick feeling ran high 11.11111 an anti-unionist Govorimwnt wa: returned. The Licutz«rant-GovernHr however, took the matter in his owr' hands, and in a speech favoring uniov. he rallied around him all the sup porters of the project. The Ministry resigned, a general election took placr and a unionist victory was secured This sudden change had its effect on the Nova Scotians and its Goverz' ment again approached the sub} :01. HON. GEORGE BROWN. 1e G‘reat Liberal Journalist and Statesman, who seized the critical moment that made for the success of Confederation and saw it to its completion. When the upper provinces nut in l“--l)rt;ary, 1565. conit'xlx-ration war :31- Snle topic. Loni Monck advised 1h House to gine the matter its most careful consideration and when the spwvch from the throne was put into debate tongurs \‘x'ilgfid‘d loud an-l long. It is doubtiul if the speakers put as many words into it as war“ put into the naval debate last session: but one chroniclwr says that the r~- port of the discussion took up one thousand octavo phages. Finally the address was adopted by a vote of ninety-one to thirty-thrw». Backed by the enthusiasm of his Fx. cellency the Governor-General no tins“ was lost and Measrs. L'Iacdomlcl, Brown, Cartier and Gait were at once dispatched to England to press the. scheme before the home 60"".‘1‘nmt'nf. ? Lord Palmerston, who was then in ‘lpower, was only too glad to help, bxt Refused to coerce any province. He gpromised, however, a financial guar- antee for the building of the Inter- oolonial Railway, the completion and ‘equipment of the fortifications at Que- bec,_and possession of the northwest territories on condition that the Hudson Bay Company should b» came'home to Quebec and carried m.- joy‘ful news to 'the Canadian Paiiia ment which met in August, 1865, and then the unionists sat and waited as patiently as they could \ I A Long Debate The London Meeting. When at last the turnover itmk place in New Brunswick another (on ference was arranged for and in November, 1866, - sixteen representa- tives, five from each of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, and six from the inland Ikgislature gathered at the Westminster Palace Hotel in London, Eng., to draft the bill that was to unite the four provinces. In defer- ence to the wishes of the maritime delegates some changes were made in the resolutions of 1864. Consultations Lwere also held with officers of the the measure into me nuuac 01 ”um,â€" on February 7, 1867. and it passed through :11 the stages there within the month. The Commons took it on March 4, and after a very brief de- bate on the second reading it was passed on to the Lords min and re« oeiyéd the signature of Queen Vic- £W<fi¢fifihfi THE DURHAM CHRONICLE 631:3: m3 séwbroclaimed. The bill which made it so has passed into his- tory u the British North America Act. Reorganization. Now came a reorganization. Vis- count Monck, who had done so much for the cause of Confederation, was appointed Governor-General of the Dominion. There were four names mentioned for the Premiership. Sir Narcisse Belleau, Premier of Old Canada, was given the place of Pre- mier of Lower Canada, now Quebec. George Brown was too uncertain a proposition to suit most persons at the time. He had quit the Govern- ment at a crisis and had expressed his entire disapproval of coalitini methods. The choice lay between pCartier and John A. Maedonaid, and ‘Viscount Monck chose the latwr to form a Cabinet. This he did with twelve lieutenants whom he had tried and proven. I Then there was a distribution oi royal honors, out of which John A. Macdonald secured a knighthood. Cartier a baronetcy, and companion- _ships of the bath for five others who hacf _si_ghally interested themselves in the work of uniting the provinces. And so was the nucleus 0! the feder- ation formed. The next addition to the family of provinces was Manitoba three years laterâ€"in 1870. The bill which had been passed in 1869 for the govern- ance of the northwest had not been very successful, and the Red Rivnr settlements and tho- northwest terri- tories came in as an organized prov- ince. It was not until 1876 that the territories were detached for govern- mental purposcs. and Manitoba be- came the province. that we know to- day. British Columbia Enters. The next rvcmit was British Colum- bia in 1871. This, the biggvst of all the provinces and acclaimed the most wealthy in natural ro-sourccs, has grown with wonderful spevd since it cast in its lot with its eastern sisters. Six years after (‘onfmleration Prince Edward Island repented of her refusal to join, and after making certain terms that have been fulfilled as nearly as possible she entered into the Dominion. Then in 1905 came the last two ad- ditions to the group. Alberta and Saskatchewan were invested with autonomous government by the Laur- ier Government. The prairies of the last west had been filling up with great rapidity and the four old ter- ritories under a territorial Govern- ment no longer sufficed for their need a. An The history of federation have I record of expansion and progress that 1 should bring joy to the heart of every 5 Canadian. Sir John A. Macdonald' set himseli to work as soon as the: worries of reorganization were over, to build the only thing that woull . save Canada from slipping piece-meal ‘ into the American Union. He built' a transcontimental railway. The day l I i “â€"4 that the first locomotive, the old "Lady Dufierin,” steamed into Win- nipeg it meant that the west had Leen ,saved to be the granary of empire. Across the plains it continued its way and when at last the rails were laid along the Fraser Canyon into Vancou- ver the tie was complete that bound together the Canadian shed. ' SlH WlLFRiD LAURIER. Who succeeded Sir John in his title of “Grand Old Man,” and who has built himself a monument in the G.T.P. that will stand beside Sir John’s beloved Canadian Pacific. An Old Boys’ Reunion. ed' ' 9 God," after the ghrue “and nothing bm the truth.” You. ane shoulder is almost invari- ably caused by rheumatism of the muscles, gndineldg qhqickly t9 Chg “JVU' -II‘- . uvuâ€"w ‘â€"â€"v_._ .tree application of Chmlrerlain‘s Liniment. This liniment is nnt only prompt and effectual, but in no way disagreeable to use. Sold by all dealers. Mr. and Mrs. Art. Redford, of 5 Habermehl, spent Sunday with Mr. and Mrs. All Redford. Mr. Joe Porter visited friends in Owen Sound last week. Mr. Kunsenhauser. of this place went to visit friends in Hanover. and while there he slipped and fell, fracturing his thigh. We un- derstand he is m a very critical condition, but hope he will soon recover. . Mr. Robt. Burns, of Duluth, ac- companied by his mother and sister. Mrs. Galloway, visited Mr. and Mrs. John Burns. ‘. We are glad to know that Mrs. Burns is quite able to walk without a stick, as she had a serious trouble in her foot a few years ago. Mr. Tom Hopkins is {nursing' a sore eye at present. We hope he ;will soon be able to see straight I again. tlUll ‘UU‘ llluvw â€"-_ __, A large crowd assembled, and the ladies had numerous basketsxhuck full of the very best eatahletz,‘ and the ice cream was extra well m-o- pared by Miss Kate McKinnnn. while the fact that Miss; Clark, teacher, had the children in first class shape, was easily shmvn by the way they acted their part of the ngram. Rev. Mr. Start oc- cupicd the chair, in a very pleas- ing manner, and made a spicy lit- tle speech. Other interesting ad- dresses were given by Messrs, R..l. Ball, J. Adams, banker, and Illl. Miller, M.P., of Hanover, and WII‘I ' Miller, 111.1'" U'l J . - , Ye Editor, of Durham. Mr. P. Ramage sang a 5010, which Wass lively encored The violin music by Messrs. Brunt and Brown was freely given. and. quite untiring‘. The recitations and dialogues Wvl‘c extra Well given‘ and the singing by the children was‘l'ino, whilv “In. \ .v u----. Miss Annie Brown made the organ correspond. Mia-rs Eva Red-ford sang a solo very sweetly, and the program was closed by singing God Save The King, after which the] adies passed around the con- tents 0»f the wellâ€"filled haszkets, doing justice to all the good things the crowd left to go to the school children’s races, which were much enjoyed by all. The prizes were so arranged by the teacher and trustees, that the small children received a small fee as well as those that were able to win, Much credit is due to our teacher, Miss Clark, {or the enthusiasm she showed towards the picnic from start to finish. Miss Eleonore Wright, eldest daughter of Rev. R. W. Wright,has been filling an engagement to sing at Burlington, and leaves this Week for Muskoka to attend the Dominion Conferenr-e of the Young Women’s Christian Associa- tion to which she is a delegate efrom the Ontario Ladies” College. Chamberlain’s Stomach and Liver Tablets will brace up the nerves, banish sick headache, prevent des- nondency, and invigorate the whole system. Sold by all dealer‘s. is the month for '1 ,1 WEDDiNGS Calder Block - Durham and all kinds of Foun~ tain and Soft Drinks in our Ice Cream Par- 101‘. Store open 7.30 mm. to 10 pm. are always acceptable presents. We have a large assortment at prices cheaper than elsewhere. ____ AND â€"â€"-â€"â€"- Fancy China ICE CREAM turday was an excellent ur picnic, and everybody in the morning to got i smmlies for the booth. Mulock. I can set a tire in Z! minutvs with this machine and d!) a Matter jul» than any man can tho old way. No mun- burning ul' mun-hug the rims. or boring xww hulvs. an! stt of all no more overdlshed wheels. Junt. bring along one whm-l and watch me Wt it with thir- mm‘hine, and ynu will vavr again In“ me set any other way. The only kind that cannot pos- sibly hurt your wheels and has Proved Satisfactory. 0: c o No matter hnw many will not. b0 kept waitimr Jul; pmsitively guarantu-d I :Ile-‘n offer yuu ”w wry how? wurk in all branches of (ivnprul Him-Munich- ing, “Human and Carriage Building and lbepaiting at very xmmumblo prices. I make a specially 0t Factual Horu- sllocillg and always givv n l'urrfcll attention. A special effort. is made tn please every customer. and you arr wquest- ed to call and givv use a trial. Yuum for blibillt‘r a, Wm. J. Lawrczzce DURHAM Wmvooowmwum In New Quarters Near the Garflnxa 8!. Bridge M. D. MCGRATH Neu- tlc Gantnxn St. Bruge MaohineOil. Harness Ofl, Ana Grease and Hoof Ointment, go to 8. P. OAUNDERB I wish to announce to the public that l am now settled in my rww quarters, T. Moran’s old stand. near the Gum- fmxs 8t. bridge. whm'e I am prepared to otter to their wmts in all kinds of custom blacksmith- ing. All work guaran- teed firstoclass. H "lkulo w. you I «very