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This title may sound like an ex- aggerated description of the pro- gress smce Confederation in Cana- dian roads but it is not. It is true that in 1867 some of the old forest trails had been transformed into more or less satisfactory roads, but it is also true that in many parts of Canada the forest trail was still the only thoroughfare. and that, comparatively speaking, roads of any sort, that is to say roads prac- ticable for wheeled vehicles, were few and far between. To get the romance of Canadian roads one has to go back to the early history of the country, to the old post roads of New France fol- lowing the banks of the St. Law- rence from Quebec to Montreal; to the portage paths that connected one navigable waterway with an- other; to the famous roads of Upper Canada, Yonge street, Dundas street. the York road, the Kempt road and the Baldoon road. These were linked up in time with the high- ways of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, and fifty years before the birth of the Dominion a practicable highway though a poor one, accord- ing to the standards of today, was available from Halifax clear through to Amherstburg. Branch roads ran from this trunk line to the more important centres of popula- tion, but. as already suggested, there were even in 186“,.still many more forest trails than roads in what. is now Canada. To this earlier period belongs also the fam- ous Cariboo road of British Colum- bia which led to the goldfields. I'Ati‘ ’- To get some idea of the progress of the country in this means of transwrtation it may he mentioned that at Confederation there were approximately 20,000 miles of roads in Canada. Today there are 378.269 miles, ranging from unimproved earth roads to bituminous or ce- ment concrete roads. Of these Saskatchewan has the largest mile- age of unimproved earth roads, Al- berta of improved earth roads, and Ontario of the higher grade roads.” The recemmendations of the Royal Commission on Maritime Claims in eonnectinn with the establishment or improvement of port. facilities at Halifax. "t John and Charlottetown. and the building up of trade through these ports. tellnw ed by the decis- ion of the Demininn Gm ernment to substantially ea1rv out. those re- commendatiens. come \erv appro- priately at this time when Cana- dians are engaged in summing the pregress at the Dominion since Con- federafien. and lnokhu; confident- ly forward to a future that. will be marked net. merely with success but that assures both the welfare of the whole and the welfare of each of its parts. Canadian trade for Cana- lfian purh=is a fine Negan.knm it remains an empty slogan until these ports have been equipped to handle the. trade. The c11nst1u1t1on of modem. VVell- constructed highways is compara- tiV1-lV'1ecentdeVe10pment. and is due. m01e than anV thing else to the rapid increase in the use of auto- mobiles and particularly their use 1111 economic purposes. As men both in the towns and the country began to 1ealize that they could saVe time and money by using the motel car it they VV111e to get any 1113] use of the new means 01 loco- motion they must haVe better roads. Pressuie was brought to bear upon the l1‘fislatu1e both directly and through Va1i11us Good Roads asso- 1iations. VVith the 111sult that in- eVitablV folloVVs a conce1 ted mOVe- ment on the part oi: the public. As a result of this movement the various provincial governments be- gan to devote larger sums than had been dreamed of in the past to the construction of up-to-date high- ways. and in 1919 the Dominion Par- liament came to the rescue with the Canada Highways Act. which pro- vided the sum of 320.0000“) to be apportioned to the various provinces on an equitable basis to assist in the improvement. of the highways of the Dominion. This expenditure. which was spread over a term of years. has had a most beneficial ef- t'eet. In fact it may be said to-day the country is practically a unit in its determination to see that every centre of population in the Dominion shall. at the'earliest prac- ticable moment be connected by means of a good serviceable road with every other centre. How far this ambition has been already realized may be judged from a study of the motor road maps. FOREST TRAIL TO MOTOR ROAD Confederation and After-- Sixty Years of Progress To appreciate what those three MARITIME PORTS Maritime ports may become in the future, it 18 well to remember what they have been in the past, and what they are today. As time is measured in this New World, and particularly in Western Canada, Halifax, St. John and Charlottetown, are venerable towns, Halifax was one hundred and eighteen years old at the time of Confederation; St. John eighty-two; and Charlotte- town one hundred and fortyâ€"two, its history running well back into the period of French rule. It was tilinown in those days as Port La oxe. Halifax was founded by Cornwal- lis and named after the Earl of Halifax, then President of the Board of Trade. The first settlers were brought out from England in 1749 and the following year it became the capital of the province. Its fortifi- cations and its ancient buildings brings back memories of notable and stirring deeds by land and sea. One associates it with such famous Canadian names as those of Joseph Howe, Sir Charles Tupper and Sir John Thompson, Samuel Cunard, the founder of the Cunard Line of Steamships, and Thomas Chandler Haliburton, one of the earliest and {host original of Canadian nove- ists. After the close of Revolutionary War tens of thousands of men who remained true to the British Em- pire, the United Empire Loyalists, abandoned their possessions and fled from their homes into exile. A large number of them sailed to the Bay of Fundy and founded the city of St. John. They became the back- bone, not only of the town they created but also of the province of New Brunswick. Their descendants became notable builders and skip- pers of wooden ships, whose ensign was known in the ports of the seven seas. Charlottetown brings back mem- ories of nearly a century and a half of history. events that took place in a field that was small but far from unimportant. Experiments in land tenure that were sometimes disasâ€" trous, French colonies, British ab- sentee landlords, Selkirk’s settle- ment. the arrival of hundreds of Acadians from Nova Scotia the Bri- tish conquest, and a century of peaceful development, including fog-farming. . To-day these three Maritime ports are on the eve of a period of steady progress. Equipped with modern facilities, as they will be before very long. the shrewd common-sense of their citizens may be counted upon to make them not merely local ports but essential parts of the commercial and transportation systems of the Dominion. In the early history of the coun- try. although there are records of several libraries of varying types, it was not until the year 1800 that the first public library was founded at Niagara. During the first part of the nineteenth century there were libraries in Quebec, Montreal, Hal- it'ax, and Yarmouth, while there is a record of a circulating library in Western Canada as far back as 1824. Prior to 1867 there were nine parâ€" ish libraries in Quebec, the first be- ing established at Boucherville in 1802. Ontario was the first of the provinces to legislate in respect of free reading for the public. having, in 1835. passed an Act to assist me- chanics institutes, which were really library associations to which fees for users of books were atâ€" tached. and this was the most pop- ular method until a considerable time after Confederation. Nearly every town and city had its Mechan- ics Institute. though if was often difi‘icult of maintenance. Free pub- lic libraries were of much later date and got their first genuine fillip under the auspices of the Carnegie endowments. Quebec. or as it was known then. Lower Canada, in 1851‘ made legislative provision fOPi library associations and mechanic institutes. Later. as recorded in consolidated statutes, every pro- vince of the Dominion. including the territory of Yukon, has authorized and made regulations for the estab- lishment of free libraries. Gener- ally speaking. however, it was not until the late eighties that public? libraries began to demand attention.‘ In Pioneer days. books of easy and cheap access were a scarce com- modity. but the splendid achieveâ€" ments of our public men reared in those days show how thoroughly and well the comparatively few. but mainly of high standard, were taken advantage of. These along with BOOKS FOR THE PEOPLE All books are for the people, but this article deals with books pro- vided for peOple in the form of libraries under the auspices of the governments, schools and universi- ties, or associations, in which there has been a notable development in Canada 'since Confederation. Fashion Fancies The vogue shows no signs of re- linquishing black and white for evening wear and the designers are using it for many novel frocks. Here is a‘ new version of that ever smart combination. White moire forms the long bodice of this frock, which has a novel yoke of black net. A. Two deep rufl‘les =of lace form the skirt and a slight draping on the side, which is caught with a large bow of the moire, gives the uneven hemline. the closely and eagerly scanned weekly newspapers, and a few dailies have formed an important element of the educational ferment of _the_ last sixty years._ __ Advertise in The Chronicle. It pays. Much Travelled A group of tourists were lookin over the inferno of Vesuvius in ful eruption. “Aint it just like hell?” ejaculated a Yank. “Ah zese Americans,” exclaimed a Frenchman, “where have zey not been?” To-day the public libraries are as much a part of the social and intellectual life of the country as churches and schools. In the West, owing to the snarcely settled and widely separated communities. tnavelling libraries were instituted as part of the library system. The first was established in Winnipeg under the auspices of the Aberdeen Association, though the first on a systematic basis as part of governâ€" ment organization was undertaker in British Columbia in 1897. Altogether books for 'the people have had a great record since Con- federation. 1867. libraries have expanded in an‘ almost amazing degree. At present there are about 1,000. Those of the; universities, of the state, and of the1 large cities, particularly of Toronto. in pOpular reading and for refer-a ence purposes in many departments count their volumes by the hund-i reds of thousands. Librarianship is now a profession for which special training is required, and for the purpose there are two library schools in Canada. The Parliament- ary Library from 3.000 volumes in. 1840. now contains nearly three quarters of a million of volumes of all kinds. A word as to the Carnegie Librar- ies in Canada: up to the year 1919 'ox‘er three million dollars had been promised for buildings to the numâ€" ber of 155, of which 114 had been ereqted at a cost. 91‘ 822400300. . A5 edpcational, legal and other Instltutlons developed, keeping pace with _tl_1e progress of Canada since Youth Is the Keynote of a Smart Evening Dress Majestic'Flour, per bag 0 Canada Flour, per bag King Edward Flour, bag THE DURHAM CHRONICLE A lovely home wedding of more than ordinary local interest took place on Saturday, September 10, at 2.30 p.m., when Miss Helen Ander- son McLeod Forsyth, only daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Alex. Forsyth, Vic- toria street, Simcoe, became the hrlde of Mr. Thomas Alexander Short, only son of Mr. and Mrs. 11qu Short. of Fergus“- Rev. gr. A L. Howard, pastor of St. Paul’s Presbyterian church, was the off:- ciating clergyman. The beautiful home was profusel and tastefully decorated with fall owers. The bride was given away by her father, and made a charming pic- ture as she passed through an aisle of white ribbons to an alcove in the hallway, where. under a canopy of beauty, the ceremony took place. The color scheme was carried out in pink and white, the canopy, of unique half crown design, a bower of.beauty with ferns, tall gladioli, asters, pink roses, and baby breath. The Lohengrin wedding march was beautifully rendered by Mr. Hilton Fo_r_syth, brother of the bride. . . The bridal gown was of lustrous white georgette, with long white fringe on skirt and shoulders, and sash caught with a handsome rhine- stone ornament. An exquisite veil, daintily embroidered, with Juliet cap. 'and bandeau of tiny. orange buds, was worn, and very long, white kid gloves. The bride carried a bouquet of pale pink Sunset roses and baby_ breath. _ n...- The only attendants were little Misses Helen Patricia Manning, of Newmarket, and Helen Louise Gagn- on, of Durham, second cousins of the 'bride, daintily dressed in pale peach and mauve eorgette, with flowing veils to mate each costume, and carrying baskets of sweet peas and roses. At the conclusion of the ceremony the parents of the bride and groom received with them, after which an elaborate bufl‘et luncheon was serv- ed. Later in the afternoon the bridal couple left by auto for the Muskoka Lakes, where the honey- moon will be spent. The bride’s going-away dress was a sandalwood georgette‘ with deep flounce of heavy French lace; with this she wore a handsome blue coat of needle-point marvella, with squirrel collar and cuffsand chic blue turban, with accessories to match. The ceremony, which was wit- nessed by about one hundred relaâ€" tives and friends of the bride and groom, took place on the verandah .of the home which was beautifully decorated for the occasion with bells, flowers and evergreens. The bride was given in marriage by her father and looked most becom- ing in her wedding gown of Grecian rose georgette. blonde shoes and hose and cairying pale pink roses. The bridesmaid was Miss Mary Whitmore, sister of the groom, who was attired in sand canton crepe. Mr. Freeman McFadden, brother of the bride. was groomsman. . The ceremony and congratula- tions over, the large company sat On their return the happy couple will take up residence in Sarnia where the groom is computing of- ficer in the Customs Department, and will be at home to their friends at 105 Cobden street after October 1. For the past few weeks the pop- ular, bride has been feted and show- ere . The guests, numbering about 50, were present from many points, in- cluding Simcoe, Sarnia, Welland, Durham, Newmarket, Teeswater. Mitchell, Hanover, Fergus, Brant- ford, Belwood. Toronto, Toledo, Ohio and Niagara Falls, N. Y. A pretty autumn wedding took place on Wednesday afternoon, September 7, at 4 oclock, at the brides home in Glenelg, where the marriage of Ella M., cdaughter of Mr. and Mrs. William John Mcâ€" Fadden, to Mr. George W'hitmore, son of the late Mr. and Mrs. N. Whitmore of Glenelg, was solemniz- ed by the pastor, Rev. H. E. Fiddes, of Queen Street. United Church, Dur- ham. Miss Barbara Ritchie of D11rham presided \at the organ. WHITMOREâ€"MCFADDBN SHORT-PORSYTH down to a most'sumptuouawedding dejeuner, the table being centred with the bride’s cake in three stor- eys, each separated by spools, the top storey being surmounted by doves, bells and wheat, emblematic of love, peace and‘prosperity. â€"---..1. AI y ........ ,_ The bride was the recipient of many beautiful and useful presents, that from the groom being a white gold bar pin set with pearls. The bridesmaid and organist each re- ceived bar pins, while the groom’s gift to the groomsman was gold cuff links. The evening following was spent in social intercourse, dancing and other amusements. Mr. and Mrs. Whitmore have taken up housekeeping on the groom’s farm in Glenelg, and The Chronicle joins the many friends of the young couple in extending best wishes for a long and happy mar- ried life. Council met September 14th. Members all presentp and minutes ad_op_ted._ _- A A. n _ ‘ v..- T‘fieBbâ€"aflunter: That the Reeve he Instruc'ted to Sign Pay Sheet. No. 7 for work performed on roads.â€" Carried. Hunterâ€"4Wilson: On behalf of the telephone users on the Holstein cir- cuit, that the Clerk be instructed to communicate with the General Manager of the Bell Telephone Com- pany. Stratford, requesting that there be free exchange with the Central office in Durhamâ€"Carried. By-la‘ws were passed increasing the salary of the Assessor; directing the payment of Taxes into the Bank of Montreal, Holstein, and author- izing__Tax n_otices to be__mai1ed. Wilsonâ€"Ferguson: That the fol- lowing accounts he paid: Municipal World, supplies, $41.75; W. B. Rife, express on supplies 750.; Clerk post- age and registration of Voter’s lists. Egremont Council STAN DAKD BAN K OF CANADA DURHAM BRANCHâ€"W. A. Johnson, Manager Doubling the Arguments of Saving opening a savings account in the Standard Bank may be re- peated with greater emphasis as re- gards a joint savings account. Joint accounts are primarily for conven- ience for depositors, but. where two people are bounds together by com- mon interests, the moral as well as the practical value of working to- gether, planning their financial betterment with the aid of a joint bank account is clearly evident. The Standard Bank solicits your joint savings account. q LL that can be said in favor of Sub-Branch at PM]. $3.32; Pay sheet No. 7 for road imâ€" provement; $335.38; Road Superin- tendent, for servmes, $25.55; Wm, Morrison, sheep killed, $22.00; Wm. Gordon, do, $7.00; R. McKenzie. do $10.00; S. M. Patterson, inspecting sheep $1.50; T.'R. Bowman. inspect- ing sheep, $1.50; Members of Coun- cil attendance at meeting to date, $15.00; B. Christie, use of room, Council adjourned to meet Mon- day, Octoher 17th:.51939‘0’9190k A. _n -_‘ business. if." ’to gag afppl'ications for col- lector of unpaid taxes and general When you wake up m the morning, of a chill and cheerless day And feel inclined to grumble. pout or frown, Just glance into your mirror and will quickly see It’s just because the corners of your mouth turn down. Then take this simple rhyme, re- member it in time! ' It’s always dreary weather 1n coun- tryside or town When you wake and find the corn- ers of your mouth turned down. 0n1y43¢vor Va lb- Then take this little rhyme remem- ber all the time: There’s joy a-plenty in this world to fill life’s cup, If you’ll only keep the corners of your mouth turned up. If you wake up in the morning full of bright and happy thoughts. And begin to count the blessings in your cup, Then glance into the mirror and you will quickly see It’s all because the corners of your ‘ mouth turn up. Advertise in the Chronicle. It pays. i'Thurs'day, September 33. WATCH THE CORNERS DAVID ALLAN, Clerk '3‘?” “ f-s'r' Alliston’s GOud Roads Any film cumpam In ideal lelriton lummlmv: ture “ill llllll ll o‘aSl. Hl llll Alliston bt'l\\'4‘('ll tjclw ('Ul'lml its and fifth sidvmuJ «\1' 'l The shell hule- iil'vas aw there and all lhal i.~ mémlm the scum (-nmplvtu is sum of barliwd win}. a 1'va .10: and the corpsu ul' llv- «nun oer and Hur- mcmlm-s ul' tl road mmnlissiun.â€".\llis!-.; fleshermn Boy Promoted ‘ On \Vedlwsduy ”1‘ 1his ' Fred MCTaViSil is 10min; 1: take Phargo «if 11w .\'v\\' 1 branch of 11m (eunural .\ Canada and lo Min: i1 mu of efficionu as I umpmmi \i branches. n1 11m .:nm~ 1 Fred has iuwn in 11w vi General Mutnw :11 051mm past svwral Hats and has V'aming up liw laoldm and time 01' his zimmintmvnt 121i his nmx pnsitiun \xus 1m 1:: parts doparm'wnt. (‘Mu'il‘h His many frivnais lwx-u ai pleasvd 1n hvai' H1' 11w 1m] young mini ”1' l’lvshvi'mii 31 in “w lillsini-ss \VM'M and! him 1110 hrs! 411‘ surm-ss i1 undvmakinxxâ€"l’lvshvrton Nearly Killed at Walkerto Miss linhla hit-1.01. Hf mnmbnr uf Hm stafl‘ nl' ha very. Ilal‘l'mvly vsvupml iousl)‘. pm'haps fatally. ShUlth ai'tm right u'vlnvl“ da\ mulning \xhnn Hm comm in “hid: du- “:13 COllidvd “ith Hm lmanlJ C. P. H. wax thigh! at th! east (31 Hm iaclm} H1 HI Shun] :mcl Bobbin 42".. Ltd.» As is custon'tar}: tln- appmaching ttn- m-nssing 13'. TM clusv m'nximit)‘ was nhsvr‘.'mt :mct lingi Mom'v hruught ttm on standstill within a t'vw }‘ front ”f ”w 3111“ (Hunting: with “no nt’ tlw wtu-vls ginfi. tlw ("31- was twistmt tho highway. but. Miss hi i g alum". W35 1th tln'mx‘l was slightly ln-uismi. I» carry out hm- «tntius at . plaw nt lmsim-ss. 'l'hv t' Hf thv titu-Vt'Hlvt was tn'ul' f«'*n(tm' lwnt. (m Manda} Miss lnt'hflld was sumvw wt by nvi'xmts stun-k. Miss letwl statmt s llatt nut takvn sutt‘irio tiun \x‘hvn zuvw'nuvlmm Sh“ did nut twm' ttu' all lnt'flmntivv. Had it not. ttw mmmpt actiun nt‘ Mr. Firvmzm Harry Donny H 1110 (‘ullisiun would tikwly disast 1w t1].~‘.â€"â€"\\'alkm‘t«'m “11 311111111“ P1111 111-3111 «11:111.:1'< agains {111111.1‘113121‘11 \\1111\1 111"h\\a\ 11131111 3131. 1111*n111111s1111-1.~ “W111“ 1111111111 $2. 311 vach 11 1111111 11111311111211 111111111111; 11111113111 5 Jackwn s11'm-1 11111 Jacksun shw't imm’sq \Vulkvz- imm'vssvd tum ‘ this I'vu'ulatitm musi MW but hv did nut I'mv young mm: plc-adc-d :mij vxcovding tlw sxwvd Iiml nthox' t., driving 3 var w ing the WWW markv The first was tuxod $20 01' $6.27). and had his dri suswndM for the bait! war. le Other paid $1 ynal‘. kerton Menace to Plate Glass 1 AS a car passed alu street the OHN‘I‘ day a which lay on the pawn) from under the» when] and went ham: auains glass in tho trnnt nt' To 8110;). leaving: a star-Mk numvruus (-x-acks radial This is not by any m mishap «W ”I“ kiwi. little (‘ttanvo that it \th 'nm han’r-n stmw. lls‘vd Thursday, September This is. not by any mishap of NW kim littlp cham'v that it ‘ The hmkon stone. us strip hehwen thv sic paving. is a ('t‘mstzmt . ‘i :_ --‘---I..ub‘ gov in this wspm‘ storm aw cnnstamlj tho pawmvnt and I‘UH OVPI‘ by "w ' thosn :n'o caught point. xwax- 11w . tiI‘P. Hwy shunt « almust Hf a rifl known 1n pass x‘i; plate glass. Sumo wry fur: the stust unght sand suhst it m 0d. much vlvanvx’ 1h: it must 1w admit occupy thv lmnl into 3 00115121111 owners. and hid the sidewalks.-â€"~l Big Day at Ma Sunday 1:..4 tlw Martyr§ S banks: of ”Iv \\ In Othe: Taken From of ‘ Telescupe bv 1hr pa ‘3 gang!” : 11‘ ”I0 I“? .' Shunt ”I wt was a Sllril‘ that fl l’ulim \‘inl w nhli H10 ( h) ' Y’IV rat“ 1. mm H o‘\\' 4N \V 1H1 ht