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19, of the bride nusic. remony the me immediate Ind groom, sat x weddmg re- McLeod left a honeymoon New Liskeard le travelled in IsemMo with thoroixghly perk-3 Stand and correct m a dented crankshaft. nt, ate what its we can re- ar to perfect :on with the and expense ice ‘arage Durham rage .inds .imited kind BRITAIN NOT TO BLAIR FOR CHINESE OPIUH WAR. another that “China vainly strugâ€" w] gled to free herself from the grip su of opium, a trade fostered by in Great. Britain.” da Now what are the facts? wt Is it true, as alleged, that the 10 use of the poppy, except for medic- M inal purposes, was unknown in 0‘ «ghina until the British “forced” it upon the Chinese people? w It is not; the Chinese bad old ac- p quaintance of the poppy; their ‘1 <tamlard medical works describe t‘ the plant and the collection and t! Law-paration of its juice. 3 Proponents of this idea of British force to compel the importation of I Indian opium are prone to refer toâ€" C a :roup of five pioneers whose 9 examination of the situation has 1‘ ‘in‘o'n fairly comprehensive, and of ( whom three, Dr. Peter Parker, Dr. t lirhlaeman. and Dr. Wells Williams l «we American; the other two, Drs. ' W. H. iledhurst and Benjamin Hob- 1 sn, heing British. These five men 3 haw long been spoken of as the {tl'lllt'illfli authority for the myth 0’1" Hm 'opium war". What do they say themselves? Dr. Peter Parker. five times American Charge (.l'Afi'airs. said: "in the spirit of true friendship,” "the ’ foundation Of all difiiculties hutxwen China.and foreign nations i.‘ the unwillingness of China to mknmx‘ledge England, France, 3m- nriru and other great. nations Of the \Vo-Si. as equals and true friends.” Ilr. Wells Williams. six times Ithargre tl‘Atl‘airs for the US. in tin: tigure of the five, says of NIH llhiiwse that. "they maintained a pan-musing. unfair and contempt- mms Imsition. which left no alternâ€" ative hut withdrawal from their slim-es. or a humiliating submission that no one. feeling thefileast incleâ€" _ A‘._-.A slam: ill?“ 11‘) Ulu_, 1“ "HC, ____ 7 penitence. could endure.” ter Not one word of Opium is to be u. found in his utterances which can ”u liy any amount. of ingenuity be ( mnstruml into a foundation for the by myth. .\t another point. he refers to the Chinese as “this proud govâ€" $1" wrnmt-ut. which deliberately reâ€" m ,ievtmt the utter of peace.” But. more 5“ t-i‘ilu'lllsiVo‘ is his direct statement 2“ that "it was not to ‘force’ opium on b“ :1 lu‘npit‘ all too “'liling to buy DC ultllt‘t‘ that could be bought. hut. t?» secure that ‘essential perâ€" lo soual contact. and acquaintance’ m that, British arms undertook their ti. ‘V unwilling and ungrateful task of b warring with China.” \ at ll. 1%. Morse. ot' the Chinese mari- Vt time customs. .ct’tntirms this when 11 " "The real cause of the war 9 «'Vt'l‘y ilt' SZUF. was that. the Chinese refused to 0 treat on terms of equality. either diplomatically or commercially, : with foreigners. and the latter in- sistml on the right to be so treated.” hr. Hawks Pott, in his “Sketches t of tlhinese History” informs us that. "apart. from opium. a collision was 3 iiiu\'il:ible"â€"-tiie denial of equality 5 was the real cause of war.” lleleh Rushing. first Plenipoten- tiary to China from the 17. 8., writâ€" ing in 1334, stated: “The late war with England was caused by the conduct. of the Chinese authorities at. Canton. in disregarding the rights of public officers who repre- sented the Engilsh government.” ln some instances. wars inalelicate to d‘ . the British government out re- sponsibility. the myth is sustainei'l liy accusing the British East India lionuianv. This Company, however, itself did not engage in the trade. though its first tratiling station was established in Canton in 1684. to this. Dutch mer hants l’rioi' . , had been established for almost a hundred years. the nationals of both countries holdinrr the. field until 1783. when the A . tlriswolt’is of New York and the Hit-ants of Philadelphia. entered into a ViSIOl‘OUS competition with i l n...” Dutch and the English; A-..“ (Continued from page 1) Thursday, July 19, 1928 llLLU v _ both the Dutch x‘naking inroads on the latter, as into Hm formm'. ‘ Opi Ill! --_‘ was not hamlled by e wismpvtitors. Long hofore any of Mrs vhtm‘ed thv field. ‘. bootâ€"logging of opium «m with lllCl'atiVP co Chinese ofl'icialdom 31 both before and after ‘W v; yium war”. J ‘A “\L\ in": u p Lin Tzetsu. v r, contmued cpmmissmne ms further insulting and ate demands. the war of 1840 fol- lowed. The resentment of the Menddrins East. lnmaywwm... _ Afte Napler’s death Adâ€" Bir Charles Elliott fiecéme endent. d the Mandarins, [is perio ted vast fortunes j accqmlfla . . .33.... 1h nf‘HIIm. resented ompetition with and the English. the tea trade of the silk trade of -â€"â€"L“' A ‘ w "I!!- " ". @Mé- in: am) Tuchans against the import of opmm through the trade channels of natignals other than their own was ev1dent as early as {781 when .1. ..-1.- a o of a thoueand chests, thoggfxgsold at half pmce, was boy- cotted. In 1796 the old_ re lemons which were in fact snnp y meta- sures 'in restrictiqnpf trade other lL‘ “A- that} that conducted h darms, were restated were made to confine @9133“ hati'évtéwcbwfifine that to the. bootleg channeks Mandarms to the exclusmn 0th 013. The Chinese demand, however, was not of such a character as to permit the huge profits to which the Mandarins had become accusa- tomed, and imports rose in less than 40 years from some 2,000 to 34,000 chests per annum. It _was therefore, not because the \British sought to enforce the nar-. lcotic trade on China by force of arms, but because the Tuchans and Mandarins found that the trade carried by the mercantile \essels of the nationals using the Chinese ports interfered too largely with the source of the almost fabulous riches which they had accumulated in the smuggling of the same In- dian Opium and in its sale at an lexorbitant profit to their clamor- ing compatriots, that friction final- ly culminated in warfare. . o __._r--r\{i Perhaps the most convincing comment on the Opium tratfic in China is to be found in the pertin- " ent remarks of the American, Gil- " bert King, in an article entitled "The Poppy Blooms Again”, which e appeared in “Asia” during last year. 1‘ This article reveals the hollow- ( ness and weakness of Chinese proâ€" ( ltestations during the sessions of ( the league of Nations advisory 'l committee on opium held in Jan- 4 nary last year. 1 At these sessions, experts pro- duced charts showing that China herself produced 15,000 tons of Opium annually an Chu Chao Hsin, the Chinese delegate on the League of Nations Council. protested bit- terly, claiming that this was a gross libel on his country. Gilbert King supports his views by otfering firstâ€"hand facts, and SuppltflllCIliS those facts by photo- graphs of vast acreages of poppies _ in bloom and maps showing for inâ€" ..stanro, that large proportions of " the arable‘ lands of Iivveichovv andi Szechuen are given up entirely to poppy culture. ., Admitting that the edict of 1906 _ [out to a big drop in production, as 3’ much as 79 to 80 per cent, prior to 1- the Revolution of 1911, Mr. King .0 comm that the Tuchans, Mandarins 1 . v t [ed to a big drOp in prouucuuu, as much as 79 to 80 per cent, prior to the Revolution of 1911, Mr. King shows that; the Tnehans, Mandarins and Provincial Governors have re- verted to the older conditions and have encouraged the wholesale proijluction of Opium for purposes , of ~revenue. Perhaps no other article pays such large sums in taxes and bribes to officials, be they high or low, and it may he conceded that‘ the fullest. use is made of the fact. Mr. King speaks of steaming along the Yangtze in Szechuen for a day and a half between poppy fields, Where fourâ€"fifths .of the acreage was planted in opium; of I‘hinnen vessels under Swedish, Q acreage was pl‘dnLt’u 1n Wu...” Chinese vessels ' . French and Italian flags. making huge profits from their unceasing running between the points of growth and manufacture. Chinese officials. we are told, the military and civil governors, in- spectors-general, negotiate huge loans for the purchase of the nec- essary shipping, admitting that they hold a monopoly for carrying from Chungking to Ichang and that they collected $560.00 per ton or about. $56.000.00 per trip. And this rate, on a commodity that. i. to the tune of $800.00 per ton on reaching Wlanhsien. will provide some food for conjecture as to its profitable cl’xaractcr. -\n average of 500 tonsmonthly fun-“xv“ 63““ v they hold a monopon for from Chun gking to Ichang theV Collected L99.33.660.00 pe about 5536 000.00 per trip. rate, on a commodity tha Hence the state forced the Opilm bv weight of ar? explanation. It Chinese to use '1 it was made 3V3 less than the fa tained by. the T A _-A‘ A“ Edfi'dticted _ by HE’nce [DB SE’GQCL‘ILAAU . ..... . orced the 0p1um traffic on Chlna I responsible for. forcing opium. atj ' t of the sword on the the pom ' . It makes no ,gpolo for the traffic nor ,does 1!. se condone in . any manner those enâ€" gaged therem. the efiorts traffic of the of all Frederick Charles Hedges says he' is the happiest man in Canada. He has two good reasons. He is the stroke of the Argonaut senior eight crew which defeated the Winni- peg boat. for the right to represent Canada at the Olympic games. It was a thrilling victory. Then, to cap it all, this husky young athlete ,got married, the night before the Canadian team left to sail for Am- sterdam. His bride, Miss Isabelle Martin. is accompanying him. No happier honeymoon could be in‘ agined. The happy couple are sh own. William Joseph Simmons, luuuu- er of the Ku hlux Klan, has con- fessed to William G. Shepherd of Colliers Weekly how he came to organize it and how eVentually ho established it. as the dominating political and social machine in sev- eral states. His revelations belong ’to the now-it-can-bo-told school for the Klan is practically defunct. lli it were not at least.obsolesc‘i‘nlz o â€"â€"â€"‘--A-\ l Um enthusiastic nomination ; ni' Governor Smith at Houston would have been impossible, for it was the. Klan that. blocked his nominal-o lion in 1924 and split the Democra- L;.. mm“. Qirnnnnnq it. armeaI'S. i5 tic party. Simmons, it appears, is of old American stock, and about half educated, at strong man physiâ€" cally and today almost. '11 the prime of life. As a child he used to hear - the negrocs talk of the original Klan in which his father was an of- ticer. and later he used to read all the stories he could lay his hands on concerning the period of reâ€" construction and the part the Klan played in it. When the time came for him to launch his big idea he was steeped in Klan lore. A Methodist Preacherf In early life, we gather, Simmons was a religious man for his ambiâ€" tion was to become a clergyman. after he learned that the state of the family hank roll would not permit of his becoming a doctor. At fourteen he. was a regular lead- er of the weekly prayer meeting in the Methodist church in a‘ little Georgia town. The Spanish-Amerâ€" ican war intervened and as a youth he served in it. From this connec- tion he acquired considerable ex- f perience. and derived the title of "Colonel” which he admits confer- ring on himself, and which, used for years without any derisive quotation marks, proved extremely useful. ()n his return he entered e a university for a short time, and ;" at the age. of nineteen received a :e license to preach. Simmons was *" an exponent. of muscular .hrist- ianity. and like the heroes of many I _ .1 ALA finnwnpn William Joseph Simmons, found- An“ ldl lll‘g all. Llle: I. a 110er be com erted the scoffers with his fists. After he had hat- tered the sinners of his communitx thov used to attend his church on throat of receixing further lick- 4, 2%? LA Irma Stickler had a operatign Tuesday by Dr: of North Platte, is' 3 rec nouncement of the Nortl Must Be Contagious - Absentâ€"minded Professor~â€"Eliza-. beth, I believe I have lost . the AHsent-minded Professor’s Wife -â€"re you sure you had it when *(Neb) u. Cheap at the Price The Salt Lake (Utah) Telegram ,has this report: Deputy Sheriffs John Hancock and Smith Sutton face Federal charges of trying to defeat the dry law, While Burt. L. Smith is alleged to have with- held information against a liquor- law violator in return for a $100 bride. ~ Fellow Victims Burglar (waking hmiseliolder during spring-cleaning epidemic)â€" ‘fExcuse me, Mister, but d’yer ’appen ter know where the missus; ’as put the silver among all this ’ern. muddle?” Passing It On. “The Sandwich, Mass, Free Masons here have given an olii' Methodist church hell to a Fall River Catholic church. It. was ac- quired when the Masons bought the church for a temple." This: was reported in a recent issue of ‘ the Charleston, 8.0., Press. Sound the Alarm Loisâ€"Dear. you have been so g‘oocl to me that. I am going to do you a favor. You can take me to dinner tonight. l)ear.â€"â€"-That‘s great. Lois. does your mother know we're coming. Heap Big Chief Stranger-$10 you are 11') master, stomkeoper, justice pegcg and‘yonstghln of this "‘“H- mil Q \ n11 DLL'dUBCL’L‘u JV“ .,.__ _ InaSUn; storekeoper,.hufiicc 0f the peace and constable of this town? Nati\'e-â€".-Yassir! You might. say I’m the Mussolini of Buckeye Cornet A. Nifty Comeback A headline in a San Diego (Califfi paper says: Tod Donor Said to Have Chance for Life after Fatal Autn Accident. “Kinship 01' Kourtship and Kiss- 4-m” Qn hn struggled (m for some “um“... ._ ing”. So he struggled on for some 1 years getting deeper and deeper in i debt. and unceasing hut. unavailing j in his efforts to have his bishop ap- . point him to a richer pasture. The conference. of 1911 again consigned him to a backwoods ~ district and he resigned from the church. The 'church records say that. he was dropped and that he had a loftier notion of his own capacities than his Spiritual superiors. The leav- ing was. satisfactory to both par- ties, for within two years Simmons had a little home worth $3.000 all paid for, his back debts liquidated; and was earning a salary of $15,000} a year as district manager for :2" large fraternal order. So, as Mr.‘ Shepherd moralizes, there would have been no Klan at all it Simâ€" mons had been given a richer con- gregation. Nor would it have come into existence it a motor car ac- cident had not confined Simmons to his bed for three months. for it was while lying'on his back that the original idea came to him. The Big Idea 'rnr. spun: or LIFE newspaper Tonsils fail-cut are tho. p05}â€" was a lawyer friend named Clark- son. He had no sooner made his eXplanation that the lawyer shoved. him out of the office; telling him not to lose a minute but to get busy at once. The war was on at the time and the" southern negroes were getting, as he says. pretty “uppity” tor there was a demand for them _ in_ Northern industries. .“‘A â€"-f “\A Klan as Simmons launcheq it was to keep the negroes in their place. . ' The Birth of a Nation A week before the film “The. gBirth of a Nation” came to Atlanta, Simmons had the first swearing in of members of his order. He got newspaper publicity by burning a huge cross on the top of a conspiro. Tfie°"33‘giޤ1"ééfi'iééi‘ idea of the 1 t uous mountain. and for-a long time‘ it was supposed that the Klan and the film were under the same ans.- pices. Undoubtedly the film gave. the new ordentremendo'us adverâ€" tising, without which it never would have swept. so swiftly that Southern States. But it was not all easy going, and Simmons were. holes in his shoes tramping the. streets before the membership was *. large enough to justify his early : hopes. When that. time came, or course. he had no further financial worries. for the Klan was like his personal primerty. every new a member contributing a few dol- lars to his private fund. Later jealâ€" l. ouries were. to drive him from the - Klan. but notvtill he had been made ‘L -‘n 1"ll\'\ illau, uuu uvu .-.- ".4 -. - ,o a rich man. Lator on. too. the Klan' was to extend its hatred to Jews and Roman‘ Catholics. but originally it was the device of an ox-olurgy- man to pr-m'ido himself with 9. handsome living and keep the ,negroes of the South in their an- ?cient. attitude of m1bmission.~â€"-J. V. lMcAree in Toronto Mail and Empire. WATERLOO SEPARATOR w [TI clover-huller attachment, good a! new.â€" George Caswgn, Berke‘ey‘ FOR SALE PAGE 3.