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"once the yield. Experiment‘t have Mr! that the rangr’ c; aciditv v'hiv'f will prevent scab and yet not reduce Lime and Acidity Success in grain growing and gard- ening often hinges upon the amount of lime in the soil. it has been found Alfalfa. however. cauliflower and beets. to mention a few of the crops. re- quire enough lime to reduce the acidity. It is a matter for the chemi=‘ anc' chc experimental farm". to determine where lime is lacking and. wha‘ quantity is needed to be applied. It i". well-known however. that there is e. elationship between potato scab and lime. 'I‘hi.c in. explamed by saying (her while an asi.‘ nil eliminates scab i‘ max if too acid 1| acute and this report is duplicated by Kent where it is said that. some 01‘ the acreage will have to be replanted In Lincoln the hard frosts at night hove been playing havoc with the crop. huddle”: and Peterborough Counties have been fortunate and the crop news to be in fair condition. The recent {all of snow will improve con- ditions appreciably. Fall Wheat Unpromising The fall wheat situation seems to be anything but promising this year. judg- ing from reports. of agricultural repre- Ientatives of the various counties in the province. Bruce County reports; {all wheat to be in a fair condition with the same to be said for alfalfa and. sweet clover. Frontenac clover and. alfalfa have been subjected to lat'e frosts which may result in some killing. In Baldimand the fall wheat situation m Market Settles Down The imports of eggs from the United States have now practically ceased for the current season. A few car- loads are reported to have come in recerfly but these had been purchased on a previous order. The egg market has settled down quite early this year to a spring storing basis and prices at a majority of producing points. are considerably lower than a year ago. With mild weather prevailing in most producing districts it is not improbable that the movement into storage will. get under way in earnest within the next week or so. eliminated and all apples of good. color and. No. 1 quality with. a minimum diameter of one and seven-eights inches in the case of the small. typr- and two inches in the larger type will be graded No. 1. while lower colored fruit or that with a little scab will be classed domestic. There will. only be two grades in place or the tour now existent. This is a result of the pre- judice often expressed by consumer: against anything marked No. 2 or 3. The new law will also insist that the. anal] No. 1's be put in one package and the larger ones in another. Drastic changes are possible iv the Fruit Act at. an early date. (Index ”1’? new tournaments. to the act. the num- ber two and three apples would be Montertilher Used 3. H. Clemens. agricultural. repre» notative tor Wellington County, Is the authority for some interesting in-- {much regarding fertilizers which seems to be quite typical of the situa- tion this year. In 1928 his county im- ported 125 carloads of commercial. fertilizer and in 1929 this increased to 225 carloads. One mixed farming township. twelve miles square. import- ed 64 carloads. A substantial. increase over last year‘s figures is looked for busing a good price in Perth audition prevails throughout the en- tire province. with an exception here and there. In Carleton live stock wines have been exceptionally good while in Durham fewer members. have been marketed than is usual at this time of year. Glengarry live stock is. In excellent condition and Haldimand ham county farmers report that dock has wintered well and is in fair 3M lbs. of clover seed and 1.000 was of grain have been cleaned by the Seed Cleaning Plant at the Boys‘ We; School. Bowmanvllle. m agricultural representative for the County 0! Durham reports that considerable interest in cleaner seed is In evidence in his locality. As an ex- ample he states that in six weeks over PAGE 6. NEWS AND INFORMATION FOR THE BUSY FARMER Live Stock Winters Well Boys Clean Seed (Furnished by the Ontario cam. nrcc‘nrr‘vq hpm'ilv were milked three timer. 9. MV. five a.m.. one p.m.. and nine pm, 'I'M actua‘. milk production by me hm'fl wa“. 129 5319 bound". of milk. The In???“ s‘ntfln producer gave 17386.4 nmmflc of milk. ana others ranged from frr-m this. figure down to 9183.9 pounds r.' “flilk Included in the {Periing ration was alfalfa hay. com Pnsillgre. cat and bar- Im- meal: bran. bone meal. salt and b9” wn'asses. Also included in cost i". the 132 days in which the herd was or. pasture. These are round figures. that is. they are the actual revenue figures compar- er' with. the actual feeding cost figures f0? 9. period of one year. As the Super- intendent. of the station points out. the calve". produced from the cows tested more than offset plant depdeciation. unkeen cost. and. manna1 labor. an average feeding cost of $109.99; an average return over cost of $103 :12 per head. This fact L4 strikingly shown by." the resulf': of feeding tests conducted at the Lethbridge. Alta. Experimental Station of the Dominion Department of Azriculture where ten purebred Hol- stein-Friesiam show an average pro- duction return of $213.61 per head for There are better ways of using low grade grain than hauling it to the elevato'. Food For Brood Sow: Alfalfa or clover hay fed from racks fcrms an excellent roughage for brood sows. Roots are also good but may not always be available. The meal ration may vary considerably but should not be too strong. Bran. shorts. ground oats and ground barley in equal parts. if fed judiciously at from two to six pounds daily. depending on the size and condi- tion of the sow as well as the period of pregnancy. has been found to give good food. results. Mineral feeds are usually essential and may be supplied either by sods or a suitable mineral mixture containing charcoal, ashes. bone. meal. etc. if they will only go after it. There is: very little direct competition between Ontario and. British Columbia in the prairie market except in tomatoes. be- cause in apples the British Columbia grower confines himself very largely to fancy boxes predominantly of early varieties. With a good pack of later sorts in bushel hampers. Mr. Somerset sees no reason why the Ontario grower could. not sell a great deal of fruit. The belief is expressed. by W. B. Somerset. former overseas representa- tive. of the Ontario Fruit Growers, that the fruit growers of this province have an extensive and profitable market awaiting them in the Canadian west I At a recent meeting of the Veget- able Growers Association, the vice- ,president, Joseph Cy'r. pointed out an interesting case where an American buyer was: in Canada looking for sever- al. hundred tons of garden beets for canning in disced form. The order could. not be filled in Ontario as there was no organization here through which the beets could. be secured at such short notice. The Federated. Co- Operative of Quebec. to which he was referred. through it". local. organiza- tions. experienced little difficulty in finding and grading sufficient beets for the order. The incident points out plainly the value of co-operative mar- keting. Department of Agriculture) I the yield. is very short; so that actually the farmers needs very careful limo service to determine his exact need of lime. Most vegetables crops as a mat- .ter of fact. do better under slightly acid conditions. Poultry Industry Booms ~ Speaking at an agricultural confer- ence in London recently, W. R. Reek declared that a few years ago the On- tario poultry industry was in the dold- rumr. but that today Canadians con- sumo more eggs per capita than any other nation in the worldâ€"the direct result of a customer getting a guaran- tee with every purchase, in the way of having the satisfaction that the eggs bought had undergone a careful in- spection before being placed on the public market. If this were developed along other agricultural lines the in- dustry would be placed on a more pros- perous basis than ever before. VALUE OF FEEDING GRAIN Apple Market in West Value of Co- Operative In nature's scheme of things, the bufialo's wildness and tremendous strength do not seem to be well adapt- ed for crossing with cattle that have been domesticated. for thousands of years. The first cross is known as a hybrid. At maturity. it is larger than either parent. Not until they have been crossed several times is the name cattalo applied. Cattalo retain the strength and endurance of the buffalo and his ability to withstand cold. and they are invariably gentle like their domestic forefathers. Their flesh is ex- cellent. as good as the best domestic beef. No matter how many times they are crossed End recrossed. the_ white from anv of the offspring. There ‘are excellent automobile trails in Buffalo park. The animals have become used to motor cars and pay little attention to them. in the same immense enclosure“ and live harmoniously. Crossed With Domestic Cattle In order to cross buffalo with domes- tic cattle. the animals must be raised together from babyhood and nurse from the same mother. It sometimes requires a month or more before the Angus or Hereford cow will permit the young buffalo to feed. and she regis- ters her displeasure by such furious kicking that she must be tied before the calf is led in. In addition to its five thousand buf- falo. there are 500 elk. 1,700 deer. sixty moose. a few antelope. twenty five or thirty yak. a herd of domestic cattle and perhaps forty or fifty mixed stock at Buffalo park. Except the ones used for crossing and breeding purposes at the hybridization farm. six miles from the main entrance. near the centre of the reserve. most of these animals are law”. He accepts his fate submissively, never attempting to regain leader- ’ship. There is a separate enclosure at Buffalo park for these pathetic old fellows. Vigorous and hardy and possessing great endurance and remarkable speed. despite their clumsiness, buffalo are always herded on the run and horse- men must work fast to corral them. Whenever a herd is approached. the bulls always drop to the rear of the cows and calves to protect them against threatened danger. If cornered the weaker ones find refuge behind a circle of lowered heads and bristling horns. Few animals have a more fer- ocious look than a buffalo bull. Each buffalo herd has its leader, a powerful bull. who "rules" until a younger and stronger one defeats him in a gory battle and drives him out of the herd. Then he becomes an “out- an hour old will charge the wardens that some times take them from their mothers. Most of the calves are born in April, May and June. Minus a hump for the first few weeks. they resemble domes- tic calves except for the burly, woolly head. Pugnaclous and inheriting bui- faloes’ age old dislike of man, a calf In winter. food is hauled on sleighs and scattered about my park employ- ees. But the buffalo will shift for him- self if there is any feed left on the range. All winter long he paws away the snow and eats the succulent grass that cured under the summer sun and is the food best suited for him. Ready to Fight When One Hour Old In addition to the ones sent north, six thousand. buffalo have been slaugh- tered at Wainwright. The meat. bought by a packer, is sold on the public markets throughout western ,Canada, and the hides go to an Ed- monton furrier. Comfortable at Fifty Below Zero Hundreds of tons of slough hay are cut at Buffalo park during the summer in addition to the grain and forage raised on the 700 acres of cultivated land. This not only supplies: necessary food for the animals there, but ship- ments of oats are made to other Can- adian parks. Given ample food, cold weather means nothing to the buffalo. He scorns shelter of any kind and. with the temperature fifty degrees below zero, lies down on the snow as comfort- able as sled dogs in the north. not even requiring a bedding of evergreen boughs such as the dog driver usually gives his beasts. , The buffalo at Wainwright are con- fined. within seventy three miles of high mash wire fence, but at Wood Buffalo Park, unrestrained, the buffalo roam the wild north as did their historic ancestors a thousand years ago. When there is sufficient grass the park accommodates five thousand buf- falo. In March, 1925. the total reached 826?. That was too many. During the next three summers nearly six thousand were shipped to Wood Buf- falo Park, lying between Lake Atha- baska and Great Slave Lake in North- ern Alberta and the Northwest Terri- tories, seven hundred miles north of Wainwright. hundred square miles of park was set apart at Wainwright, Alberta by the Dominion government in 1908 as one of two major reservations where the his- toric buflalo, all but exterminated by the great slaughter of the 80’s can in- crease and flourish under almost nor- mal conditions. On the entire contin- ent no place is better adapted for the buffalo. From time immemorial buf- falo herds have fattened upon the lush grass there or drunk from the shallow sloughs and lakes. Canada’s Buffalo Herd Over Eight Thousand The Big Shani Beasts Seek No Shelter in the Coldest Weather and Paw the Snow on the Succulent Grasses to Secure Poutâ€"Survival of the Fittest Determines Monarch. Beginning with a small herd. two 'l‘HE DURHAM CHRONICLE Mighton. J r. IVâ€"Eddie McDougall. Jr. Pr. Bâ€"Russell Murdock, Audrey Collier, Margaret Derby, Floyd Law- rence, Keith Greenwood. Jr. Pr. Câ€"Eugene Lake. Ralph Ste- wart, Gordon Rimmer, Ina. McLean, Marie Morton. Jr. Pr. Aâ€"Abie Tinianov, Kenneth Thompson, Gordon Armstrong (David Rowland and Emily Whitmore) equal, Jean Town. James Wells. Sr. Pr. Câ€"Pearl Vickers, Kalmore Gerber, Effie Collier, Eleanor Storrey, Wesley Vickers. Sr. Pr. Bâ€"Ralph Wilson. John Mc- Eachern, Harold Walker, Vera Neaves, Sr. Pr. Aâ€"Gladys Gray, Florence Martin, Foster Lowe, Anna McLean, (Irene Atkinson and Sadie Osborne” Sr. I Aâ€"(Rita Morrison and Isabel Stewart) equal, John Collier. Harry Schenk, Philip Sparllng, Helen Mc- Donald. Iâ€"Helen Gerber, Willie Noble, Jean Herrington, Clarence McLean, Mae Eulalla Wilson â€"Florence M Kress, Teacher. Jr. II Aâ€"Isabel F‘iddw, Margaret Armstrong, (Janet Robb and Catherine Rowland) equal, Jimmie Braithwaite. Ross Kearney. Jr. II Bâ€"Leona Sibbald, Florence Sr. II Aâ€"Helen Gagnon, Betty Mc- Intyre, Jessie Grant, Margaret Spar- llng, Annie Tinlanov. Sr. II Bâ€"Florence Greenwood, Albert Murdock. Clyde McCallum, Grace Vollett, Eilene Tucker. Jr. III Bâ€"Vera Collinson, Lynn Vol- lett, Edith Miles, Laurine Campbell, Sr. III Câ€"James McAuljfle, Eldon Whitman. Mona McDonald, Betty Henderson. Sr. III Bâ€"William Stewart, Mary Firth, Essel McArthur, Reta Innis, Vic- SCHOOL HONOR ROLLS FOR PAST MONTH Sr. IVâ€"Arthur Koch, Harold Traf- ford, Jean Mofiat, Mary Pickering, Sadie McEachem. Sr. III Aâ€"Olleda Hahn, Carman Noble, Jean Rowe, Norman Greenwood, Olivene Yfirs. Jr. IVâ€"George Lloyd, Jack Gagnon. Earl Snider, Nathan Ritchie, John Greenwood. Jr. III Aâ€"Gordon Kennedy, George rew, Clark Saunders, Robert Milne. 1% air .IJoWNY LITTLE THINGS. . not long out of their shells . . . how much they mu t depend on you for the things they need to live an get big. They need a feed filled with nourishmen A feed which w' build bones quickly . . . buildin muscles strong . . change fuzz to feathers in a h rry . . . all this th y demand . . . and yet their littl crops can han 16 only one tiny thimbleful of fe d a day! Wh job for feed! Consider Purina Chick Starte a (mash) f job! In every thimbleful are t elve ingr Cod-liver oil . . . dried buttermilk . . alfalf our . . granulated meat . . . these and eig t other are ther . . . each one with a real job to do Puri is mixed over and over again . . . be thorough! And you will find the s e care t en with Baby Chick Chow (scratch) . . . to be fed 'th Startena. J. W. Ewen Your chicks . . . what they do for themgfies . . . what they do for you . . . is entirely in your hands. They eat so little . . . yet it counts so much . . . that you can afl'ord to do only one thing . . . feed Purina. Chick Startena! â€"Daisy A. R. Mather, Teacher. YO U R\H A N D51 Durham Public School a re in â€"Kathleen L. Firth. Teacher. â€"Lizzie Schaefer, Teacher. -Ma.ry E. Morton, Teacher. of mu sic, every day except Saturdaiand Shuday- -from station CJGC London, 12.30 noon. Hear the Purina Checkerboarders special dinner hour 91-03mm A: “c- -24. An-‘-â€" 4‘--- -_--_‘_n-A____ â€"Elma L. Ball, Teacher. , Principal. r, Teacher. Dealers for Durham District ter, Frank Sharpe. 'Sr. Piaâ€"May Hap- kms, Edna Porter, Alfred Sharpe. Jr. Pr. Aâ€"Bobby Mighton. Maurice Brown, James .Porter. Bâ€"Duncan McDougall. Mary C. MwQuan-ie, Conductor (tomdmmrmmd a has already full): “Pull up. full up! 'l‘hlstsabumnotaflypaper!” ROWE’S '. "V' ' «new 3®?5’3)' flakersny of Tom: ”d wmwd‘ _- Ofl W, Toronto. C Honor graduate o , M111 Strum. \(ncBeth‘s Drug S A member Tuesday MM clerk in ofi‘in Durham _, Federal menu efficiently and Your patron: OFFICE: 1 door N04 Garage. I. 8. Lucas. K ( Notary Pubhc. C Insuranoe. etc-1 _«' DI. W. C. PIC Ofitce over J. Auction 96 r pomptly fl" Graduates Can: “Women Mus; “'11 new Silhomw- W1 J. F. GRANT. D. Tl). School 1.5 to an up thef (1) Junior M“ (I) lam-woe t hob member A‘ GEORGE Licensed Auction ID mken on In: arranged Columbia's outrpI Inderuwe DUI“! A M In: School. I. ll. MacQL' LI'CAS HI Medical MARTBI' ,, a mass": Barristvrs Dental JOHN heaped) . ‘Busz’n (Audi J OHN NIC for