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DO, Yesterdny it walnuts; today it is Iceland and tomonow we do not know what or where it will be except that it wmbesolnewhere else. 'l‘hepromin- enoeglvento oe‘lnndisduetotheisct thnttrom portsot Censdnsnd theUnited tesstthistimefonner sonsof Ioelsndsrehistenin: seahonrdwhere'theysre shout shipiorhome. 'I‘heretheywill snotebleoelehntionthe tlonofthelmom snniversuyoithe Ioehnchnsmengtheoldeetbodyo! thesortintheworld. Wesnythstthe Britishperlismentisthemotherotpu- unmenmihwhlchwespeeklooeelysnd 8 Es; ICELAND’S PARLIAMENT THOUSAND YEARS OLD Iceland Explorers Iceland is close to the Arctic circle. a fact which has to some extent limited the opportunities of her people. Lands which peOple are willing enough to get away from are lands likely to produce pioneers and explorers. There is rea- son to believe that the first visitors to this continent from Europe came from Iceland. There is. for example. Leif Ericson. whose memory will be particu- larly honored in the course of the com- ing celebrations. Indeed. the United States Congress has spent $50,000 on a statue of the explorer which will be set up in Reykjavik, the capital. of the country. There was no better Nordic blood than that which fertilized Ice- inaccurately it age is meant, for the Iceland Parliament is much older. It was established in no and was known as the Athing. Notwithstanding its an- cient parliament the history of Iceland has not been one of uninterrupted hap- piness and prosperity. It is true that the blessings of parliamentary mam“- tions have not been continuous, having ben abolished for most of the 19th cen- land. The Vikings settled there. as much as they were inclined to settle anywhere, and for some centuries used it as a headquarters or jumping-ofl place from which to descend on other northern lands, including the British Isles. to carry with them the blessings of their civilization as exemplified by their spears and broadaxes. Other early settlers, though they cannot be said to have contributed directly to the population of the country. were Irish priests who left Ireland at about the time that St. Patrick was performing his miracles and set up monasteries which they occupied at the time the Viking flood began to beat against the shores of the island. tury.’ But the tact remainé that it re- presentative deqnocratic covet-9mm .ivere a panacea for all human ills the history of Iceland would have been happier than it has been. ‘l‘axed into Poverty 80 firmly did the church establish it- self that for a long time is exercised a taxing power, and this was so ruth- lessly inflicted that the population of the country declined, the Icelanders, mentioned, being well adapted for leav- ing borne when conditions hecarne in- tolerable and settling in other lands. Tmtion proceeded in a vicious circle. beginning with the general poverty of the people which male it necessary to tax them heavily to supply church “2“ THE DURHAM CHRONICLE WILLYS SIX WHIPPET Literary Ambitions It is said that while Finland seems to have an ambition to compete with the rest of the world in athletic ex- ploits and in pursuance of this desire has already contributed some renowned runners and javelin throwers. the national instincet of the .Icelander is literary. This is not surprising when it is remembered that it was Iceland which gave the world. and particular- ly the Scandinavian world. the scald and the saga. The great epic of Beowulf. which takes high rank in the early literature of Northern Europe and which offered inspiration to English poets and ballad-makers. came from Iceland. Since the land has always had a strange attraction for artists of other nations. forbidding and desolate though its general landscape. is. there seems to be no reason why Iceland “Daddy, I have splendid news for you. The fourth grade teacher is going to retain my services for another year." PAGE E