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PAGE 6 Cam‘s! Bacon Leads The current issue of the the Stock Report contains a particularly inter- esting item with respect to the com- parative prices of bacon in the Brit- ish market. It shows Canadian bacon selling at a price of 44 to 60 shillings per long cwt. for the week ending lurch 24, as compared with a price of is to 56 shillings per long cwt. for the Danish product. It also shows that during the previous week the price range on Canadian bacon was from two to tour shillings per long cwt. over the Danish product. It should be noted in passing that the Canadian product is now selling second only to the finest Irish bacon, which is holding steady at a price of from 64 to 82 shillings per tong cwt. of 112 lbs. {NEWS AND INFORMATION i FOR THE BUSY FARMER Get the light Fertilizer Never in the history of Canadian ag- riculture has it been more important for the farmer to be absolutely sure that he is getting the right kind of fer- tilizer for his mom than at the pres- ent time. One authority observes: “In many parts of Canada the farmer is still sold fertilizer as recommended by local agents instead of buying it on the basis of his own knowledge of its pro- per use. As never before this would ap- mm- to be a good time to consult thel pear to be a good time to consult we sol] and amp authorities at the Agri- cultural Colleges and your local agri- cultural representative belore making in these tlmes of low farm prices, may be made profitable. plications refused totalled 876 as against 906 the previous year. In pre- renting his report. the chairman. W. Bert Roadhouse. stated: “Collections under present conditions are difficult both for the Board and the borrower. The season has been one of good crops and very, very poor prices. Faced with returns cut in half or less and yet little decrease in the things they have to pay (or. farmers have yet carried on with commendable courage and steadiness. We have been able to reduce arrears outstanding more than two years to less than 15 per cent. Arrears for the years (930 and 1931 are very substantial. Ap- preciation oi the loan service is shown by a determination to ‘catch up’ just as soon as possible. During the year the Board completed sale proceedings on 31 farms. and it also sold 49 other (arms which were previously taken over. An interesting summary of the The number of applications granted for farm loans by the Agricultural De- IeIOpmcnt Board in 1931 was 3,361, an Increase of 20 per cent. over 1930. Ap- ten years of Operation by the Board is provided in the' pamphlet. copies of which are obtainable from the Depart- ment. ' Have You Seed Graded the Seed Branch at Ottawa calls at- :entlon to the facilities which are available throughout Canada for the Inspection and grading of seeds, more particularly alfalfa. clover and grass In every district where these seeds are grown there is a Seed Branch in- spector who inspects seed oflered for sale for seeding purposes and furnishes information relating to cleaning and grading of seed. and, under some cir- cumstances, performs grading himseli. Seed of course must be properly cleaned to remove the weed seeds and fit before submitting it to the inspec- tor for grading. In a large number of localities this could be done best per- haps at the local power cleaning plant deshned for small seedy. Where such is not available. however, the hand mill on the farm. when equipped with ELECTRIC REFRIGERATORS You have {our chimes of tempera! oversize freezing units. plenty OTHER OILSON PRODUCTS :â€" Electrlc Washers, Gasoline Washers. El: Saving: mowers, Automatic on Burners. Maflflmwwfluh Durham Machine Shop F. W. MOON, Propriptog, . , 140 A miracle of silent ‘ 2. Control measures consist in the :adOption of a suitable system of rota- gtion of crOps so that the plantation can be started on a clean field and the ap- gplication of a poisoned bait twice a year. commencing when the plants are ;first set out. i. 3. The prOper time to apply the bait ‘is in the middle of April for the first 'application to destroy the overwinter- ling weevils, and from the middle to the end of June for the second applica- ltion to destroy the summer generation which appears about that time. The second application is the one which is most important. Tribnte to Farmers That the Department will do all in its power to and markets for the pro- ducts of Ontario farmers was the pledge given by Hon. Thomas L. Ken- nedy, Minister of Agriculture, in an address to sugar beet growers at Chat- suitable screens, should do reasonably ham recently. Representatives were al- ready at work in England, the Mari- times and the Canadian West. The Minister paid glowing tribute to On- tario farmers, claiming that in point of intelligence and all-round ability they stand higher than in any other country. He declared that other lands were beginning to emulate Ontario’s methods in agricultural training. In op- timistic vein he predicted: “I look for- ward to greater prosperity in this prov- ince than we ever dreamed of. Those who have learned to grow good craps will reap the harvest of the new pros- perity. Ontario will be in the van of the new era." Strawberry Root Weevil Experts of the Federal Entomollgical Branch provide a timely summary with respect to the strawberry root weevil, as follows : larvae live on the roots of grasses, clovers and other plants. The straw- berry is a favorite food plant. The in- sect makes its appearance wherever this crop is grown. Grading Potatoes “An axiom of trade is that the de- mands of the consumer control not only what the producer grows and raises, but how he packs his products," said J. A. Carroll, secretary, Ontario Marketing Board. “As an example of this,” continued Mr. Carroll. “I would point out the most recent deveIOp- ment in the marketing of Ontario po- tatoes. The Central Ontario Potato Growers’ Association are now market- ing a léâ€"pound pack of Tee-Pee Brand, fancy grade. potatoes. The quality of these potatoes is infinitely superior to that cf Canada No. 1. hitherto the top grade beina marketed. That such a quality of potato may now be secured is a direct result of consumer demand. “It occurs to me that the next step will be a demand for potatoes to be as clean, for the homemaker to handle, as a head of lettuce, for example. This will call for potatoes being washed be- fore being packed. I happen to know that the washing of potatoes is al- ready being done in certain sections of the United States. “In brief." concluded Mr. Carroll, the best defence against competition, in addition to the grower receiving a premium for his product and the con- sumer being satisfied, is that of lift- ing Ontario potatoes into a class by themselves for quality and pack." Sales of Ontario Apples Increased in Ontario apple sales, largely due to the efforts of the cormnerclal represen- tative of the Ontario Growers’ Mar- gency. A- Durham, Ont. The criticism of the budget was led on by Colonel Balaton, financial critic of the Liberal party. He spoke at guest length covering the financial position, the trade, the taxation and the rail- way situation in Canada. He twitted the Government over its return to the sales and nuisance taxes and quoted from speeches made by Mr. Cahan and the Prime Minister when they were in the opposition. Col. Ralston claimed that the sales tax at the time the Lib- eral party went from power would cost a family spending $750 a year, the sum of $7.50,. whereas under the rate this year they would pay $45. The trade of Canada, he said, had fallen a hundred percent and charged that the extremely high tarif! was at least in part the cause of this tremen- dous decline. In 1930 the average tar- be on an average of 35 per cent. and over and above that, the Minister of National Revenue has the power to val- uate goods for customs purposes above their cost price, if he so desires. it! was 24 per cent. and this year with the 3 per cent. excise tax added, it will Col. Ralston told the story of the 1m. porting of a radio. The importer would go down to the customs oflicials and say: “I have paid $42.75 for this ra- dio." The official retorts: “I don’t care what you paid for it; the Governor-in- Council says the Minister of National Revenue is empowered to fix the price at $100 less 30 per centâ€"$70 is the val- ue of that radio." “What duty have I to pay?” “You must pay a 4 per cent. sales tax, $3.57, a one per cent. excise tax. 890, and you must pay as dumping dutp the difference between $42.75 and $70, that is $27.25. So your radio is go- ing to cost you $50.96 for duty and tax- es although its invoice price is only $42.75." 001. Ralston poitned out that a duty of 120 per cent. and taxes had to be paid on that one article. Some weeks ago the Prime Minister, the Rt. Hon. R. B. Bennett had said that the Government worked twenty hours a day. Col. Ralson thought it re- markable that they got any sleep at all since they were required to know the value of “sheets of iron and steel. fruits, vegetables, peas, livestock, com- mon and colorless window glass, bean- pork, fir doors, dried egg albumen, meats prepared or preserved, grapes, hats, hoods, shapes, bodies cape-lines. radio receiving ets, wicker furniture, jute twines, cotton fabrics, artificial fa- brcs, wiping rags, wire pot cleaners, nursery stock and baby pants.” The decrease in exports was blamed on the tariff preventing imports and the Government was criticized for not having included some British prefer- ence in the budget as a friendly gesture preceding the Imperial Conference. 001. Ralston concluded his speech with an amendment asking the House to condemn the excessive increase in tar- iff and the power to set duties for cus- toms purposes by Order-in-Council. Miss Macphail’s Letter The first speaker on the Government side of the general budget debate was the Hon. H. H. Stevens. Minister of Trade and Commerce. His speech was well constructed and his delivery ex- cellent. After replying to the criticism of Mr. Ralston, he went on to make what was quite evidently a carefully prepared statement of the causes of to- day’s difficulties. There were. he said. four distressing factors: price levels. debt. interest and Trade. Price levels are admittedly the most disturbing fac- tor "today. he said. Could we restore the price levels of 1928 for wheat, cop- per, paper, lumber and flsh, we would restore prosperity to Canada. "What is the cause of this chap in commodity prices?" he asked. “Prices are expressed in terms of currency, and in the lead- ing countries of the world. the value of currency is attached to gold. If gold km Councll, have greatly increased in ls scarce or is belng hoarded, lf gold ls |1n abnormal demand for debts, then in- Winnipeg and Western Canada this In 1930 some 43 cars of apples were shipped to Winnipeg. while in 1931 at least 150 cars have been sent to the Prairie markets. The chief service of the Markets Council, however, did not lay in developing this business. al- though this was valuable, but in adjust- ing claims for shippers. Owing to the unusually long, hot season claims were frequent and often in excess of the ac- itual damage done to the shipment. It 'is conservatively estimated that at least {$10 was saved to the shipper on every Car shipped West last scason through having the Council’s representative on the spot to act as an intermediary be- tween shippers and jobbers. Where necessary a car would be repossessed by representative and resold when claims were too high or could not be settled. This service alone‘ for which no charge was made this year by the Council. meant at least .1500 in the pockets of Ontario upple growers. Plans are now on foot through the competition of the Ontirlo Marketing Board to mums!!! . n, -w THE DURHAM CHRONICLE evitably commodity prices will fall simply because people will be, anxious to dispose of their commodities in order to secure gold to meet their debts. We are confronted with this situation and it is admitted by everyone that gold is scarce. To my mind that is perhaps the underlying cause of most of our troubles today. .. .. We must now ad- mit. and I think it will be admitted, that the value or purchasing power of money does vitally affect commodity prices." The Minister of Trade and Commerce then went on to show that commodity prices have fluctuated violently in the last couple of years. He pointed out that while a ton of copper wclghed 2,000 lbs. in 1928 and continued to weigh the same number of pounds in 1931, the ton sold for 9390 in 1928 as against 8120 in 1931. He took as his sec- ond example. wheat, which of course remains at 60 lbs. from year to year, but the value of it fell from $120 in 1928 to 60¢ in 1931. The Minister stated that the first and most 1mmrtant step of money - Dealing with debt, the Hon. :1. 11. Stevens said: “The world is sunk in a veritable morass of deb And he pointed out that the weight of debt in this as well as all other countries has been doubled due to the (iron in com- modity prices. For this statement he got hearty applause from those who sit “angularly opposite." ' We can all clearly see that a woman whose revenue came from eggs and who contracted a debt in 1930 when eggs were selling in the winter around 45¢ a dozen, would have to have three times as many eggs to pay the debt in March of this year; that is her debt had trebled when measured in com- modity prices. In discussing interest the Minister of Trade and Comeroe said: "No agricul- turalist, no industrialist and no mer- chant can aflord to pay 10 per cent. in- Garafraxa SL, Durham Gold Buckle Oranges,.... 55c, 39c, 25c California Lemons .................. doz. 250 Texas Grapefruit, 5 for 25¢, 3 for 19¢ Cooking Apples .................... 4 lbs. 23c Bananas, large ............................ lb. 3c Ripe Tomatoes ............................ lb. 16c All Special Prices good until next Thursday stabilize the purchasing power mammam lng commodities, had actually increas- ed. On a farm loan of 82.000, interest at 8 per cent. would require 8160. In 1928, 133 bushels of wheat would pay the interest, whereas in 1931, though the interest was still $160. it required 266 bushels of whea to pay for it. In commenting upon W. 'Stevens‘ statement, Mr. Gardiner. the leader of the Farm Group in the House. said it was as impossible for a western farm- er to pay 5 per cent. on his indebted- ness as it was for him to pay 10 per cent., or in other word, he could my neither. Mr. Gardiner advocated the taxing of incomes above ”5,000 a year to a degree that would amount to prac- tical conscription of income shove that amont. He devoted most of his speech to a discussion of the need of a change in our financial system and at the con- clusion moved a sub-amendment, the last paragraph of which reads as fol- lows: “Therefore be it resolved. that in the opinion of this House, as a first step toward general economic recon- struction, our financial system should Counter Check Books Let Us Quote On Your Next 0rder DURHAM Quality and Workmanship Guaranteed. The Chronicle We have them in all styles and sizes Sweet Potatoes ...................... 3 lbs. 20c Celery .................................... bunch 25c Asparagus ............................ bunch 15c Cucumbers .............................. each 10c Parsnips .................................... 2 lbs. 7c Egyptian Onions .................... 3 lbs. 20c be nationalized and pmvlslon be mule to issue immediately sumcent money to bmg the value of the dollar as speed- «lly as possible to that point at which the major portion of our debt were tn- curred during the war: stahlllne the dollar at this point internally and thereafter manage credit and currency issue to secure and maintain e, stable level within Canada." It is now fairly generally recognised in the Horne of Commons that Canna- ian agriculture requires our currency to be on a level with the pound sterling. so that when the price we are new in Liverpml is trenshtcd into Contain: currency it will be us much in our mon- ey us it was in English money. IntheSemtetheotherdnynmost interesting story of the discovery of radium in Outed: at Great Beer Luke. about 1,000 miles north of Edmonton. was rel-ted by General Mollie. He was min: tint the Government form a Radium Commission to take charge of the development of the redium field (Continued on page 7.) Phone 58 ONT.