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PAGE 6 Dirty Seed a We "Dirty seed" is defined as mennina seed that contains noxious weed seeds in such quantity as to pollute the land with weeds that are diflicult and costly to eradicate. One of the principal me- diums for the distribution of weed seeds in Canada in dirty seed. particu- larly in clover and grass seed. because of the fact that most of the noxious weeds have seeds 0! about the same size and shape as the seeds of clover: and grasses. and hence are diflicult to remove. This reason alone auumu w suflictently important with the intelli- rent farmer to ensure the preference Corn Borer Still a Hence In a recent interview Professor Cae- sar of the O. A. 0. made the following any appreciable injury by the corn borer find it hard to realize that the insect is much of a menace. and some of them even think that there is no longer any need of enforcing the Corn Borer Act. The fact is that it is a great conipliment to the Act that they have not suffered. for it was to pre- vent injury that the Act was passed. I have been observing and studying the insect since it was first found in the province and I am convinced that had it not been for the Corn Borer Act the growing of sweet corn would by now have been abandoned in practically every county under the Act. and field corn would in many counties have been Middlesex and West Elgin. all corn growing would have ceased several years ago. The best friends the corn grower has are the Corn Borer Act and the inspector who enforces it.“ Suggests Filling in Thin Alfalfa Stands “In travelling throughout the great- er part of Ontario during the past few weeks, I have noticed quite a number gem farmer to ensure the prexen which is due it for inspected seed. It is suggested that one simply go over the fields and sprinkle a little seed over each bare spot. Then the whole field is narrowed. this operation cover- ing the new seed and doing no injury to the growing alfalfa. provided it is carried out in the next few weeks. In- deed many good farmers make it a regular practice to harrow their alfalfa fields every spring. claiming that such thickens the stand and promotes early growth just as a vigorous raking of the lawn is beneficial at this time. er part 0! Ontario during m weeks, I have noticed quite of bare spots in seeded do states a Huron county obset condition applies particular] 13 fields and has occurr where the shocks of grain long last (all. These bare s Wedly Crop Reporpt Huron County estimates about 40 to 50 per cent. of last year’s apple crop. Spring grains. (all wheat and all clo- vers are looking well in Peel. Canadian- bred Jersey cows of good breeding brought prices ranging from $110 to .250 each at an auction sale near Brampton recently. North Simcoe will have an increase in barley and buck- wheat this year. Recent rains have benefitted the crops of alfalfa and clo- ver in Dundas. as elsewhere. Hatchery- men in Lanark report this has been om: best season. Local demand for baby chicks was much better than us- ual for two reasons: People are buy- ing more chicks and are buying them from the local hatcheries. Durham an- ticipates a good average crop oi apples and a considerable reduction in acre- age of early and late potatoes. An in- creased acreage of strawberries Ls noted in nearly every district where they are grown. Fail wheat is reported in ex- cellent shape in Southern Ontario conmtiea. Due to showery weather, the planting of field corn in Kent was lul- ly ten days behind 1931. Tobacco grow- ers have also been retarded in their plonting throughout ‘ the southern belt NEWS AND INFORMATION ‘ FOR THE BUSY FARMER (Furnished by Provincial and Dominion Departments of Agriculture) WELL TOHNY. \T \S INTERESTING 10 mm or THE mm STRANGE JOBS ‘av mm mm mm A mee. Permanent commercial representa- tives are to be stationed in Winnipeg, Montreal and the Maritimes, during the selling season, while efforts in Great iBritain are to be increased in order Eto supply best quality produce, shipped 3in the most satisfactory manner. % Strenuous endeavors will be made on fthe Prairies to regain the market en- ljoyed by Ontario in years gone by. ZBritish Columbia is a large fruit pro- {ducen and Ontario, deSpite the excel- -lent reputation of its fruits. will have because of backward weather during the first part of May. An interesting summary has been made by the P0th Husbandry De- partment, O. A. C., of the results of all flocks entered under 0. B. S. for the year 1930-1931. The summary shows : 1a powerful opposition. especially when iit comes to packing, and maintaining istandards. Our small fruits, cherries fand strawberries in particular, and our ‘hamper packed apples as well as peaches, pears and plums, should ap- peal to Western people. many of whom formed an appetite for such delicacies [before moving from Ontario to the . prairies. Total number of flocks included in summary. 368; minimum size of flock, 43; miximum size of flock, 1005; aver- age size of flock, 214; average per cent. of birds culled at time of banding, 27.0; average feed purchased per flock, $341.52; average home grown teed per flock, $119.78; highest average flock production, 18?; lowest average flock production. 56; highest average winter production per bird to March 1, 60 per cent; average egg production, all flocks considered. 139; overage per cent. of reactors in blood test. 4.9 per The report also notes that .the (locks have practically doubled in number over the previous year. while the aver- age size of flock was somewhat smaller. Receipts were down on the average 31 per cent. as compared with 1930. cent; highest per cent. of reactors in one flock, 61 per cent.; number of Marketing Ontario Fruit One result of the depression is the increased work in systematic market- ing. The latest manifestation of this is the announcement of Colonel Thom- as L. Kennedy. Minister of Agriculture, to extend the present trait selling or- ganization in the other Canadian prov- inces. This will be effected through the Ontario Growers’ Markets Council. The Entomological Branch of the Do- minion Department of Agriculture has just isued Pamphlet No 147, entitled, "Warble Flies and Their Control in Canada.” This has been prepared by Mr. Eric Hearle. in charge of livestock insect investigation at Kamloops, 8.0., who has given the subject of warble flies much study. Two species of these flies are widely distributed and con- titute the worst insect pests of cattle wherever they are abundant. They oc- cur in every part of Canada where stock is raised. They are injurious both as adults, due to their terrifying effect on cattle when egglaying, and as para- sitic grubs in the body, due to their effect on the health, condition and mill: yield of infested animals, and the dam- age to hides into which the grubs bore holes for the purpose of breeding. Montreal is a market for all varieties of Ontario produce. A commercial rep- resentative in that city can do much towards promoting orderly marketing, preventing gluts and price-cutting, and adjusting claims on an equitable basis. Losses in Canada from warble flies each year are from seven million to fourteen million dollars, and in some Years, may even exceed the latter fi- gure. The pamphlet discusses the life-hsi- tory of these destructive insects and gives information regarding remedies. Capies of the publication may be ob- tained tree of charge from the Publi- cations Branch, Dept. 0! Agriculture. WARBLE FLY CONTROL '1' w B LOOK M M mom or mt ' us: u. scans-us Bummcm mmwamsomsom tWWfiDECOY DUCKS €08 ALM .mummmm! A006 ma. mm ‘ THE EGYPTIAN OVEN AND m MODERN INCUBA'I‘OB The ancient incubator is really a mud house in which everything is done from the inside, the eggs are placed in a separate room, the heat is applied from within, and the Operator does his work from the inside as well. The mod- ern incubator has the heat automati- cally applied from without and instead of a smudge burning for days to raise the temperature high enough so that the eggs may be put in, a button is pressed and electricity quickly heats the egg chamber to the desired tem- perature. The Egyptian, sweltering in a' temperature of 103, and crouched in A glance at the up-to-date incuba-‘ tors now in general use would lead one to believe that this descendant is a long way removed from its ancestor, the old Egyptian hatching oven that was in operation thousands of years before Christ and is still used in that Old Land. a very uncomortable position, turned the eggs by hand, one by one. The mod- ern attendant touches a lever and the whole lot is turned in an instant. as was the caseâ€"and still isâ€"in the old style: a thermometer in plain view indicates the exact temperature and a thermostat keeps it at any given point by automatically turning the electric- ity off and on. In the old incubator humidity was introduced by means of moist straw or by sprinkling water on the floor and walls. Humidifying is modernized to the reservoir and the electric fan. Nor has the attendant today to guess at the temperature of the egg chamber Yes, it’s a long way from the incu- bator of adobe, without light or ventil- ation, with heat supplied by smoulder- ing manure, where the almost naked attendant. in a sweltering heat, crawls around to do his work, to the modern and efficient incubators of today con- trolled and managed in case and com- fort. Yes, it’s a long way. except in the percentage of healthy, living chicks hatched For full information on mod- ern methods of incubation apply to your nearest Dominion Experimental Buckwheat doe best where the cli- mate is cool and moist. At blooming time it is very sensitive to high tem- peratures and to dry weather. Under such conditions many flowers then in bloom may be “blasted" and produce no grain. To avoid this as much as possible sowing is delayed until late in June or early July allowing the princi- pal growth to take place in warm wea- ther and the formation of seed when the temeprature is likely to be a little lower. Buckwheat, while an important farm crop, is frequently grown as an after- thought. Requiring only from ten' to twelve weeks to mature, seeding may be done during an otherwise more or less idle season of the summer. It is one of the most successful poor land crops, propering relatively well on poor and acid soils. It responds readily, however, to good treatment. Light, well-drained soils are well suited to this crop. An excess of nitrogen may produce too much straw and cause lodging. It also seems practically immune to insect and plant disease pests. As a farm crap buckwheat often proves relatively profitable. Buckwheat flour is used extensively for maklng griddle cakes. The grain makes excel- lent poultry feed. The straw is some- times used as feed when well preserved. It should not be used as a bedding for hogs. Since the straw contains a large amount of mineral matter and rots quickly it makes a good manure. As a cr0p buckwheat appears able to utilize better than do the cereal crops the rel- atively insoluble mineral constituents of the soil. As a soil renovator buck- wheat when ploughed under has a dis- tinct value. It may also be uwd as a nurse crOp with sweet clover, the lat- ter adding to the feeding value of the straw. Mixing with other cereals such as barley may be useful, the buck- wheat tending to keep the barley from lodging and the barliey assisting at harvest time in allowing the straw to dry out more quickly. Producing many flowers well supplied with nectar over a period of a month at least, buck- wheat is an excellent source of honey for bees. BUCKWHEAT THE DURHAM CHRONICLE Quick germination and rapid growth make buckwheat ideal as a weed de- stroyer. Two craps of buckwheat dur- ing the one year usually prove effec- tive in eradicating even'sow thistle and quack grass. The first crap should be seeded early in May, ploughed before blossoming begins and worked for a ten day period and reseeded to buck- wheat. In Bulletin 159 “Cost of Producing Farm Crops in the Prairie Provinces," just issued by the Experimental Farms Branch of the Dominion Department of Agriculture, the following interesting paragraph appears: “The moSt important factor, perhaps, in reducing the cost of production is to secure larger yields per acre. Most of the items of expense incurred in growing a crOp are the same whether the crop be small or large while only a few items vary directly with the yield. The expenses for rent or use of the land, taxes, preparation of the soil, seed, seeding, machinery and most of the harvesting costs are the same irre- spective of the yield. It is clear gain, therefore, to secure as large yields as are economically possible. While it is true that the weather, and especially the rainfall, plays a very dominant part in producing good yields and that no human control is possible over it, never- theless, there are many other ways of increasing yields.” A ,skunk has four legs and a gossip has two. HOW TO FIGURE CROP COSTS Asparagus .......... Tomatoes ......... New Cabbage ..... Garafraxa St, Durham All Special Prices good until next Thursday JD-w- HE SHORES ‘~ AIRPLAHE CIGARETTES _ nouns son A was -, fi .. “-9‘ o ’ , -\ ‘ ’3" w J\ ooooo....uo.ooooo.uooo' OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCOOOOOOOOOOOOCOCC‘ ON ME PAGHC (0A5! BUYS WALRUS HHISKERS AflD 5w; THEM TO CHIMSE RESYAURM‘fi FOR NOWPKKS MOWER MM! KEEPS 0.5. HMUFACWRERS m MC“ mm MK)“ W15 8" MEG QGARUTES. OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCCO... Mimi-MW ,3 bunches 25c The current issue of the Dairy News Letter prepared by the Dairy and Cold Storage Branch of the Federal Depart- ment of Agriculture contains some very interesting figures with respect to the striking increase in the volume of but- ter which has been made in Canada during the past year. The total production of butter for the twelve months ending March, 1932. amounted to 10,917,300 lbs. as compared with 1,162,900 lbs. for the correspond- ing period in the preceding year. This It doesn’t pay to guess as to the edible qualities of mushrooms and other fungi which grow in abundance in 0.11 parts of Canolda from early June until the heavy frosts of tail destroy them. H. T. Gussow, the Dominion Botsnist, in his very complete book “Mushrooms represents a production value of 32.- 362.888 for the former and $389,419 for the latter. The production of cheese for the twelve months ending March, 1932, to- talled 85,424,700 1135.. an increase of nearly 16,000,000 lbs. over the corres- ponding period in the preceding year. It is interesting in this connection also to note the equally striking de- crease int he volume of milk and cram exported, which for the twelve months ending Much .1932. amounted to 65,- 814 gallons of cream and 362,764 gal- lons of fresh milk as compared with 1,121,974 gallons of cream and 1.208.- 478 gallons of fresh milk for the cor- responding period in 1930-31. BUTTER PRODUCTION GROWS ..... lb. 19c 2 lbs. 17c KNOW YOUR MUSHROOMS Pineapples ............... 22c Lemons ..................................... Oranges .................... doz. 55c, .......... 22c and 18c and Toadstools" (Price 81) states "Let us state most emphatically that a know- ledge of fungi is the only safe means of distinguishing edible fungi from poi- sonous.” There are essentially only two classes of mushrooms which are deadly poionous, the Fly mm and the De- stroying Angel or Death Cup. The Fly Amanita is distinguished by a bright yellow or orange oolomd top dotted with white specks; while the Destroying An- gel is characterized by a deadly pale- ness. Each of these classes have three clear dancer signals which anyone can Dennis Lysuught. the veteran chief of police of Seventh Beach has just been elected to serve his twenty-second continuous years as a member of the force. Banach BBICh is the tideweter bathing centne for all that section of Comic and e. port of South Caroline. Dumthelonctimehashesbeen connected with the department, Chief Lyuucht, has seen the feminine bath- ingcostumedevelopfromsthinzof skirts end trousers to the piesent in- cidental sub. The Chief Opproves of the change. It hes come unduelly. he says, but with each season’- sbbnevic- tion he has not found 0. cormpondinz shrinkage of modesty. “It's all e met- ter of custom," is the Chief's conclu- readily recognise. The first is a per- manent white gill; the second is a col- lar at the tap of the stem: and the third is the serrated rings or cup st the base. MODERN WOMEN MODES'I‘ DECLAIES BEACH INSPECTOR “My. June 2, 1.32 Phone 58