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“TELLING TOMMY” his business. Usually the first move is to cut rates per 100 pounds of cattle shipped in order in increase volume. Eventually these reduced rates becmne less than the cost of Operating and then pllfering commences. Farmers would be well advised to employ only truckers who are known to be reliable.” "These conditions reflect on the Legitimate trucker who. in most cases. is unaware of this serious menace to Fraudulent Trucking Practices in Live Stock Shipments "For some time rumors had reached the Provincial Department of Agricul- ture suggesting unfair practices by cer- tain truckers carrying live stock. These became so insistent. a quiet investiga- tion was made by G. Duncan. Ontario Marketing Board. to ascertain actual conditions with the result that the oc- currences complained of, instead of be- ing isolated and far apart. were found to be rather general in a large section of the province. Farmers have been de- frauded of sums varying from $20 to! $450 in one transaction. The common method of duping farmers is by truck-5 ers issuing worthless checks. Another! is to retain various sums ranging from: $20 to $100 from the proceeds of the day' 3 sale of live stock. Excuses offered? by truckers in these instances are! many; the most common being that the stock has not been sold. or that the, money was needed for repairs to thej truck and always the promise is madef to pay the balance the following week.’ Several instances of this ‘promise to! pay' have extended from 1930 to the present date l Farmers Buy Collectively An official of the Ontario Market- ing Board said that farmers and farm- ers‘ organizations are showing their natural business acumen these days through utilization of every possible means of lowering costs of production. This same speaker intimated that judg- ing from reports received by him farm- ers are practicing collective purchase of 3 supplies in increasingly large numbers. i Fertilizers. feeds. boxes. barrels. insec-j ticides. fungicides. and many other? articles and materials that aid in pro-f duction and marketing are being pur-} chased through group orders. Savings! not only in purchase price but also in freight costs are thus effected through carlot discounts and carlot freight rates. In a recent address. Hon. T. L Ken- nedy advised cattle breeders to look well ahead if they wanted to be success- ful in the future. He pointed out that disease-free cattle are proving the wis- dom of their owners by bringing the highest prices paid. He stated that one breeder who followed this lead does not know that there is an economic de- pression. PAGE 6 By Pim NEWS AND INFORMATION FOR THE BUSY FARMER (Furnished by Provincial and Dominion Departments of Agriculture) MARVELOUS uem-smsnwé tucmc cms ARE RELIEVInG us or TEDIOUS .1085. m mcvomts Ann OFFICES,HHICH onc: mmoco on HUMAN EYESJOHHY. 1 'being marketed in large numbers in ‘ IFrontenac and bring $7.00 to $8.00 per mead. Price of hogs and spring lambs ,: ‘is up in Renfrew. Weekly Crop Report a Peel County reports that frequent {showers during the blossoming period b of alfalfa caused practically a failure 5 in seed setting. According to indications r now there will be little alfalfa seed pro-‘ duced there this year. Waterloo dis-t ‘trict suffered from too much rain, with: the result that much fall wheat was, 'beaten down. Haying was delayed and 3 .much of it is of poor quality. A big! gmovement of finished steers to market; ‘is noted; with the best lots netting the, farmers 60 a pound. Birds. particularly .starlings, have caused tremendous dam- Iage in the Western Ontario counties land means are sought to prevent their increasing depredations. The corn bor- . er has made an appearance in western ; counties and as weather conditions 4 have been favorable to its existence, a;‘ heavy infestation is feared. Corn and tobacco crops in Essex will be lighter 1 than last year. Frequent rains have.. K improved spring crops generally over'z the province. The Oxford Farmers' Co- ’1 Operative has just finished its season of the sale of hatchery stock. with the largest sale in any season. Welland had! almost 50 per cent. loss of fall wheat due to Hessian Fly and the oat crop there is rusting badly. Hastings reports that 2.049 white cheese were boarded cn Belleville board and sold at 9 3-16 cents. Throughout the Muskoka dis- trict. grain crops are more promising than last year. Live stock markets seem f l l t to be strengthening in Peterborough. hogs bringing as high as $4.35 recently. Spring grains look promising in Prince Edward and pastures are good for the time of year. The yield of canning peas is below normal. Promise of seed yield in Victoria is below average. Lambs are e i ;is going to be considerably less than fiormal this year and the comparatively fquick change in the situation from a depressed market at low prices to a live ;demand and shortage of supply is very encouraging from the standpoint of the ' industry. Further survey of the situation seems to indicate that the Ontario bean crop An offer was recently received from an importer in England for large quan- tities of beans at a price considerably higher than prices here, but exporters have had to report that there are not sufficient stocks in storage or supplies available to accept the offer. Bean Market Strengthening "Enquiries from Great Britain to the Ontario Marketing Board for Canad- ian beans have developed the fact that there are very few beans available and practically none at present priCes either for the export or domestic trade. ',Ontario Farm Organizations Show ' Large Annual Turnover . "Figures from the Federal Agricul- tural Economics Branch reveal that during the past year 42 Ontario farm- ers’ co- -operatives. embracing nearly 28000 members did an average yearly business per member of $587. This does not by any means represent all of the foo-operative effort in the province. It .does tend to show, however, that farm- jers are uniting in their efforts to keep _ in business. The sixteen million and a 'half dollars' worth of business conduct- ed by those included in the above fl- gures represents sales of live stock, wool. dairy products. poultry products. fruit and vegetables. seed and grain and miscellaneous products and the purchase for resale to members of such articles as machinery, feed. fer- tilizers. twine and other equipment. , BigEnrolmcnt There are about 500 students regis- tered in the summer agricultural courses at 0. A. C., Guelph. The stu- 'dents are school teachers from rural districts and inspectors from all parts of the province, and they will spend several weeks at the College, taking a complete course in agriculture. The at- tendance is larger than it has been in many years. They seem never to learn to know their owners. but always bolt for the corner of the pen when one goes to pick them up. An experimenter rigged up a metal plate in such a way that various small animals had to stand on it to feed. At intervals he rang a bell and immediately shot through the plate an electric current, strong enough to be painful. A rat learned after seven experiences to 110;) off the plate the instant the bell rang. After two hun- dred shocks the guinea pig was still taking his medicine by which time the experimenter’s patience gave out. The pigs are agreeable little crea- tures. with their squirrel-like heads, snappy bright eyes, bunty little bodies and legs hardly reaching from their bodies to the ground. Their little ones are particularly attractive, being born fully furred. with their eyes open, and able to navigate about as well as their parents They are very talkative. but their calls are so soft as never to be a nuisance. A rancher can usually count on a lfew dollars annually in prize money if he will take the trouble to exhibit his best pigs. In addition, the prizes in- clude bales of hay and bushels of oats. Only a practical guinea pig raiser knows how welcome the latter are. On a guinea pig ranch there is no such time as between meals. I Guinea pigs are of three coat types. “Brazillian” pigs have short. unusually Isilky fur. The “Abysinnians” have the ifur in whorls or cowlicks, giving it ’a ivery rough appearance. The “Peruv- ians" have very long fur; they are dis- ltinctly show animals, and. like Per- gsian cats. much more troublesome to raise than their short-haired brethren. i Beautiful But Dumb , The colors are complex. Solid colors. especially among the Brazilions, are as- tonishingly rare. A Brazilian of oneE solid color. if a good pig. is worth extra. money. ' i Their lack of enterprise makes them of Persian cats, etc., but 510 may be paid for an animal with show possibil- ities. A choice boar might bring a little more. Such figures apply to the common, or range cattle. Fancy stock has not risen to any such heights as in the case Guinea pork is rated a prime table delicacy, but with the pigs selling at a dollar a pound on the hoof it is too expensive for general use. The fox ranchers buy a considerable amount, but pay the lowest price. To the foxes. "pigs is pigs;” they make no effective protest if their pork is a long way past its first youth. They prefer guinea pig to rabbit as being less hairy. Prices for breeding stock correspond. Male and female guinea pigs are called technically by the names, which sound quite insulting as applied to such pleas- ing little creatures, of boars and sows, respectively. A young mature boar,‘ sound in wind and limb. is worth about one dollar; a saw. from that sum to a dollar and a half. Of these small cattle the ones most favored by the bull movement are the cavies. or guinea pigs (Cavia cobaya). At one time a pair of these animals could be bought for two and one-half dimes, one-quarter of a dollar. The lpresent market is vastly more favor- able. F'or month-old piglings, weigh- ing from eight to twelve ounces (pre- ferably under 10), the laboratories may! pay 70 cents per head, sometimes high‘ er. They buy only from dealers or large ranchers able to supply consid-j erable numbers as needed. but the backyard rancher with a few odd pigw lings can get 50 cents without much! trouble. I For the sad decline in backyard agri- culture in the last few years there has been some compensation in the mark- red deveIOpment in backyard ranching which has taken place in the same time. Various laboratories, testing ser- ums and searching out vitamins, have come to require considerable numbers of animals of the types most suitable for backyard stockbreeding operations, and the resulting demand has acted as a powerful tonic upon a languishing in- dustry. (By Ernest J. Farmer in Toronto Star Weekly) ' THE DURHAM CHRONICLE live in the lower section. which has a dirt floor. In the fall they move up- stairs, where he has a stove. On the ground floor he scatters mushroom spawn. In a few weeks he has a fine crop of mushrooms which he trades for enough fodder for his pigs for next :easy to keep in confinement. They are gvery gregarious and may be kept in good-sized herds. but two strange boars will inevitably fight until one is dead. 5 Often both die. They are very free from disease, but a west-end rancher lost 70 pigs out of 200 by keeping them in the tOp storeyi of a frame shed during the very hot spell last June. Probably he could have saved them all by transferring them to Ithe cellar or other cool spot for a few hours. A rancher near Mimico, who keeps about 1.000 pigs. let the whole battalion out on the fresh grass after a winter on hay, oat... and carrots, and left them too long. They gorged them- selves. as larger cattle do at times on clover; many were in agony when he drove them to their quarters and about 200 died. ” ! l that of the famous cat-and-rat ranch. on which the cats ate the rats. the rats ate the cats and owners skinned both. He keeps his pigs in a two-story shed at the back of his lot. All summer they Watermelon Blueberries ............ Lemons ................... Cauliflower ............ Garafraxa SL, Durham man has probably made a ........................ ..........doz. 35c 63 19:32. Km“ Futures S) ndncate. 935w On A PAPER-MANN mncmnt ,n STOPS THEâ€"1 MAchtJr THE PAPER BRtAKS. n coumsms , PASSMG IHROUGa THE HCLLP.!".C '.':~rr~."..~.9 wet. gain WRAPPED mm was or. A mavens em ' PAsS unoifi IHIS'MAGK {VFIHOSE mmcu: FROHR; LABELS ARE AUIonAIKAm KflOCKtD on mi hm. l OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO A statement just issued by the Dom- inion Bureau of Statistics estimates the total of Canada’s trade in farm pro- ducts for the fiscal year 1931-32 at $308,480,201; of this amount $224,728,- 269 represents farm products exported while ”0.751.932 represents farm pro- ducts imported. There is a steady market, for six- weeks-old rats at 15 cents apiece. The ranch mentioned. starting with three rats, has sold 25, now stocks 30 and would have done better if an old rat had not turned cannibal and devoured 22 young ones. The baby rats are repulsive, red and hairless. But at three or four weeks they are about the size of adult mice, fully clad in white fur. and as play- ful as kittens. Rat cages are usually built with fronts of wire mosquito net- ting. A small pig-and-rat ranch. operated by two high school boys, opened in September with five pigs. It now has 18, without further purchases. The owners expect to be shipping by June or July, when they shall have 50 pigs. Meanwhile they cover their cash out- lays, at least in part. by the sale of rats. The rats are the boys for quick results. The only rat raised is the al- bino rat (mus rattus. var. albusl. The juvenile rancher greatly appre- ciates the ability of a herd of pigs to mow a lawn with neatness and dis- patch. ....5 lbs. 150 ...2 lbs. 27c TRADE IN FARM PRODUCTS .each 15c Inc Great ”mam '1:th Celery .................................... bunch 10c Cucumbers .............................. 2 for 17c Hothouse Tomatoes, selected 4 lb. 25c Selected Black Currants, 6 quarts 79c TI‘ I°\l‘l'\ ('0 _. v. .___ [as nonotarm ' mm! any GIRL (An mm THOSE 00 Mom mm A Pm um mqmc or may mu: ms: w EYES CAN DO. has been achieved in the apple trade, we will try to duplicate in cheese and butter manufacture." sold Colonel Ken- nedy, adding that the Big “0" brand of the apple trade would be used on the dairy products. It will pay you to advertise in The Chrrnicle. When the phn gets under way. it is expected that officials will be sent to Enland to organize a sales staff. "What. The Minister declared that the plan's success depnded largely on the attitude of the farmers. The Government could not compel. but only encourage am!- gamations of cheese factories. If the amalgamations were put through. the farmers could produce butter and cheese at three cents per pound less than before. 3. Encouragement of farmers to in- sure increased reduction. l. A process of amalgamation and ex- iminat-ion by which Ontario cheese fac- tories will be reduced in number from 774 as at present. to 150. 2. Creation of 20 new storage plants in an effort to achieve better grading necessary in an export business. i Involving reorganization of the dairy industry in Ontario. Hon. '1‘ L. Ken- nedy, Minister of Agriculture. has an- nounced the launching of a five-year plan to capture for Ontario farmers the cheese market in Great Britain. The plan, formulated after a year's consid- eration by departmental officials. calls for: REORGANIZE DAIR YING Hwy. July 28. 1932 Phone 58 -Pm-