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In after years love’s young dream occasionallv develops ' Mustard plasters come under the head of drawing instruments. For full particulars consult G.T R. ticket Agents‘ or writ» C. E. BURNING. Dist. Pass. Agent, Toronto W. Calder. Town Agent, Phone :fi. WINTER TOURS CALIFORNIA, FLORIDA and SUNNY SOUTH FAST TRAINS CHOICE OF ROUTFS LOW BABES NOW IN EFFECT TORONTO-CHICAGO TORONTO= MONTREAL DOUBLE 'l‘RALJK ALL THE “'33 v.21 Adi. 310 62) L‘ 3.24 6.34 “ 3.34 6.43 “ 3.43 6.52 “ 3.58 7.07 “ 4.09 7.18 “ 4.12 7.21 “ 4.22 7.31 “ 4.35 7.45 “ 4.09 7.18 “ McWilliams“ 11.51 9.34 4.12 7.21 “ Glen “ l 51 9.34 £22 7.31 “ Priceville “ 1 .41 9.23 4.35 7.45 “ Saugeen J. " 11.30 9.18 81011.2)Ar. Toronto Lv. 7.45 5.25 R. MACFARLANE. - Town AgeI-t J. Towner. Station Agent. Phone 18 Trains will arrive and depart as fol owe. until further notice?- Canadian Pacific Railway Time Table Grand Trunk Railway TIME-TABLE Trains lea‘e Durham at 7.15 a..m., and 8.45 p.m. Trains amve at Durham at 11.551141). 1(1) p.m.. and 8.55 p.m. EVERY DAY EXCEPT SUNDAY G. 1:. 861]. C. E. Burning, G.P.‘_Aggnt.‘ . . Particulars from C.P.R. Tlcket Agents. or write M. G. Murphy. Unstrict. Passenger Agent corner King and Yunge Streets, Toronto. R. Macfm-lane, l‘own Agent. E. A. Hay, Statiuu Agent, OTTAWA Via ‘ Lake Ontario Shore Line” Fast time to Oshawa. Port Hope. Cobonrg. Believille. Trenton, etc DU RHAM ZENUS‘ CLARK PLANING MILLS Affiliated with the Stratford Bminess College and Elliot Bus- iness Collwge, 'l‘ol-on‘m. Write for free vat..lngue. D. A. McLachlau. President. G. M. Henry. Prinicipnl. Competent infirm-tors. Special training for teachers. Special Farmer’s Course. and NEW’ YEAR TERM FROM JAN. 4. TORONTO-MONTREAL SHORTHANO, BUSINESS AND CIVIl SERVICE CDUESES New Train Service MOUNT FOREST Business College The undersigned begs to announce to residents of Durham and surroundmg country. that be has his Planning Min and Factory completed and is prepared to take orders for Shingles aqd Lath Always on Hand At Right Prices. March 18, 11915. Unexceiled'“ main Service nghest Class of Eqmpment J. TOWN ER. Depot Agent W. CALDER, Town Agent Custom Sawing Promptly At- tended To loin-cal. â€" and all kinds of â€" SASH, DOORS House Fittings in the ONTARIO 11.54 1 51 1 .41 T5ronto. tems of land management. The net profit per acre in good years is less un- der pasture than under grain croppmg, but in had years the revenue is greater under pasture. and the risk is always less. as you reduce the labor cost per acre and increase the size. of the farm unit up to the limit which can he hanâ€" died by a single familyâ€"Dean E. A. Burnett. Nebraska College of Attica? Much Grass Neeoécl Yet. A careful examination of the dry farming regions will show that the per centage of smooth. hard lands wnlch should be retained in grass is much larger than would at first be supposed. It may be said that these lands nave become too high priced to use for pas- ture. but unless the land can show a net profit on the crop in an average. year which will pay the fixed charges on the land. then the excess value placed on the land over its earning power is purely speculative and not to The borer alsoisto be feared because it develops freely in the common serv- ice tree. It has also been found on wild thorn and chokeberry. The nearness of woods where these trees flourish may be regarded as a DOSSibne source of danger to an apple orchard. When fruit is setting in the spring such paints, washes. sticky substances or mechanical devices as are used to prevent,the round headed apple tree borer furnish equal protection against other insects. The eggs may also be prevented from being placed on the bark by temporary wrappers of paper or burlap or any other material that will entirely cover the lower two feet of the trunk for a period of four or five weeks following the blooming season. -‘v‘_ Treatment with sticky adhesives or heavy paints that are not injurious to trees will answer the same purpose. The insects' concealed method of feed- ing does not permit the use or the “digging out” process.” which is ef- fectively used by fruit growers against a number of fruit tree borers. Le used as a basis upon which to es- tablish land values or determine sys- ‘ The apple root borer probably occurs throughout the greater part of the east- ern United States and has been found as far west as Michigan. In portions of the Appalachian region it does con. siderable damage to young fruit trees. DAKAGB "ACSED 3? 30823 [N THE APPLI 300! Bi 8URBOWING roots, the exit holes in the bark admit more or less water which frequently induces decay of the heart wood. The work of the insect is obscure. there being no chips or castings thrown to the surface, as is the case with the common round headed apple tree borer. The egg. which is placed rather eon- spicuously on the bark of the trunk. and the exit hole in the bark through which the adult escapes from the wood are the only external marks made by the insect on the tree. In addition to the injury resulting from the damaged When the larva hatches it leaves the egg from the underside and enters di- rectly into the bark, thrusting its cast- ings backward into the discarded shell and so filling it that it retains its nor- mal size and shape. The abandoned shell often adheres to thehark for a year or longer. agriculture.) An enemy of apple orchards which must be controlled by protecting the trunk of the tree from the egg rather than by killing the insect is the “apple root borer.” The adult borer is a tiny slender beetle which has a metallic purplish or coppery luster. This beetle lays its eggs in the late spring and glues them tightly to the bark or the trunk a few inches above the ground. The eggs are usually deposited one by one, though occasionally in pairs. They are usually attached to a smooth sur- face. but are sometimes inserted in a crack or beneath a scale of bark. How This Enemy of Applo Orchards May Be Controlled. [Prepared by Unit-9d §tate§ department or THE APPLE ROOT BORER. yfififl 10 Testing 3 varieties M'angels 3 The membersof-the Ontario Ag- ricultural and Experimental Union are pleased to state that for 1915 they are prepared to distribute Lnto‘every towns’aip‘ of- Ontario material of high quality for ex- periments with grain, fodder crops, roots, grasses, clovers. and alfalfas, as follows: No. Co-operative Experiments in Weed Eradication, O.A.C., Guelph. who will gladly furnish informa tion concerning this experimenta work. These co-operative Weed eXperi- ments will be continued this year. The weeds to be experimented with are Perennial Sow Thistle, Twitch (_}ra_s_§, gladder C_ampi_on_ or Cow Bell, Wild Mustard and Ox- eye Daisy. All who have any of these weeds on their farmeare in- vited to write to the Director of 4. That thorough, deep cultiva- tion in fall and spring, followed bv .a well cared for hoed crop. will destroy bladder camp-ion a. That mustard may be pre- vented from seeding in oats, wheat and barley by spraying with a 20 per cent. solution of iron sulpaate. 3. That rape gives much better results in the eradication of twitch grass and perennial saw thistle when sown in drills and cul- tivated than it does when sown broadcast. 2. that rape is a more satis- iactory crop to use in the destruc- tion of twitch grass than buck- \VAI'L'at. 1. That good cultivation. followâ€" ed by rape sown in dri‘ls, Drox ides a means of eradicating bOtl ner- unn’iai sow thistle and twiLcn grass. Some of the practical informa- tion gained from these Weed ex- periments were: ‘vfl-vv were Perennial SoW‘TnhistleTTW'ite‘h Grass, Bladder Campion, Wild very interesting and valuable re- sults were obtained. Thoae who took part in these , experiments profited by the experience. In nearly every instance thev cleaned the field experimented with, ‘ and demonstrated to their own satis- faction the effectiveness of the methods tried. and at the same 1912-1tw14, the Department of jotany of tie Ontario Agxicultur- 211 College, in connection with the work of the Ontario Agricultural and. Experimental Union, carried on co-apcrative experiments in tae eradication of weeds. Some 45 farmers co-operated in this work. rhe weeds _e3_cperime.n.ted with 1 Testing two varieties Oats 23 Testing O.A.C. No. 21 Bar- ley and Emmer... 2b Testing two varieties two- rowed Barley... ... 3 Testing two varieties "Hull- less Barley..-... ... .... .. 4 Testing two varieties Spring Experiments With Farm Crops : _T.he loyalty' During the past i912-1u"14, the I Spiguqy of tle Ont by writing the Physics, 0. A. 0., _ â€"â€"v-‘- ”55v V ‘4“ that at mark-ct prices at threshing, time the drained half \ produced $14.12 more per acre than the un- drained half, and that in the driest vear on record. In an average season the average increase due to drainage is over $20 per acre, and in a wet season even more. For a number of years the Ag- ricultural College .has been mak- ing drainage surveys for farmers free of charge, except for travel- ling expenses. This offer is again renewed. Farmers havi ° -- - ,wsatiw Experiments m Weed Eradication But Drainage Give-s Big Results The Ontario Agricultural College reports that'the crop year of 1911 was the driest on record in On- tario. The precipitation from har- vest 19.13 to harvest 1914 lacked 5% inches of being mp to the aver- age. {Ellis is a shortage of almost 20 per cent. .'Dhe College has often stated that tile drainage was ef- fective in a dry season as well a in a wet one, Ianid last year 't was able to prove this in a prac- tical way Since 1912 the College has been installing Practica] Drainage Demonstration Plots in parts of the province where little or no dramnage has been done .The Man is to drain half of a field leaving the other half undrained for comparison Both parts are sowed to the -Sa.'me kind of grain and the crop from each part aubu cne crop from each part threshsed separately. Nine plots were drained prior to 1914. 'Dhe average of the nine fields showed 2.. That rapei 1914 DREEST YEAR ON RECORD Testing two varieties Soy, Sofia, or Japanese Beans Testing 3 varieties Bushing Testing two varieties Spring Rye. .. .. .... .-- ... ... Tesfiing two varieties Buck- Testing two varieties Field a"... W.hea't...... W.he5t..-... Experiments .e Department of 0., Guelph. for in- reg'uxlar application vears of Plots There is no necessity for calling upon the farmer to work harder or for longer hours. Neither is it advisable to dictate to him as to what he should produce nor how. he should produce it. The individ-. ual farmer must decide for himself how best to meet the demand. . § Daign ,is to make clear the situa- tion. There is no more reasonable body to deal with than tile farm- ers. Lay the facts before them clearly and fully and they may be relied on to reach a correct de- oision. At the same time the business aSpect must be recognized. With a food shortage staring it in the face, the world is ready to absorb at good prices all we can pro- duce. The mamn. object of ~the gam- The loyalty and patriotism of the farmer has never been called into question. He has the 0131101“ tundty before him to give expres‘ sion to his patriotism by helping to keep up' the food supply .of Britain and her Allie-s. There is 1 higher motive than that of the pocket merely, and it should be a stronger one. But let not the farmer stay his hand because these and other de- fects Ln. the economic system have not yet been remedied. Your coun- trv needs you, and needs vou now. “It is not, therefore, nhlv “greater production, “out brt~ “ter production and cheapened “production. more accurate “knowledge of markets and “better facilities for reaching “them. All these things are “tied up together, and it is to “these things that not only “farmers, but Governments “bankers and transportation “men have to address them- “selves.” A clearer understanding of some of the handicaps retard'n.g pro- duction will be one of the good results that must grow out of the present campaign. The need of supplying the farm- er with information that will en- able him to distribute and market. his products to the. best advantage is becoming more a": :1 m urg- ent. The Canadian Minister of Angrisulture recently put tne mat- ter in this form: It is neither asked nor expect- ed that the farmer should bear the whole burden. The railways amid other organizatf'ins c. gait d in the transportation of proriucis must bear their share. The finan- cial institutions of the country must be asked to assist in financ- ing the farmers’ business as weil as the manufacturers’. The in m- ers of almost every countrv in Europe enjoy the advantages of rural credits. Simi‘w facilities are urgently needed here. This is one answer to the ques- tion- Why is it necessary that Camada at this particular time should increase the output nf the farm? This money has gone larg 31y to provide railway and other facili- ties for carrying on our business. It is loamed money, and bears one hundred and twenty millions. of dollars inaterest annually. That in- terest must be met. It can be met only by exporting surplus pro- ducts. There is a ready market for all the farm products we can nroduce over and above our own requirements. A twenty per cent. increase in farm production will cover our interest payments and maintain the country’s credit. The Need of Greater Production Great Britam has invested more money in this countrv than in any other county in the world, outside of tie United States. The sum total is no loss tT‘m-‘n $2.800,- 000,000, being equal to $400 for eygry mam“ woman and child. Any person In Ontario may (noose any one of the experiments for 1915 and apply for the same. The material will be furnished in the order in which the applicaâ€" tions are received while the sup- ply lasts. Each applicant should make a second choice. as the ma- terial for the experiment selected as first choice might be exhaust- ed before his application is reâ€" ceived. All material will be fur- nished free of charge to each ap- plicant and the produce will. of course, become the property of the persom who conducts the exâ€" periment. Each person ipplying for an experiment should write his name and address very care- fully, and should give the name of the county in which he lives. Applicationjs should be address.- ed to the Agricultural College at Guelph. We see the question asked, and ‘29 30 20 21 22 2-1 16 18 19 13 15 TEE DURHAM CHRONICLE. Teatdmg 3grain mixtures for grain production..- Testmg 3grain mixtures for fodder production... vam'éties Vétches.-. Testing Rape, Kale and Field Cabbage..." Testing 3 varieties Clover Testing 2varieties Alfalfa... Testing 4 varieths grasses T~e_stri'nag 3 varieties Field Testing 2 varieties Sweet Testing 2: varieties Sugar ‘ asked too by ’ icu-ltu a - Beets for feeding purposes 2 nals- ’How” can a“? farmrerl icingâ€" Testing 3 Variatlcs Swe.'i;h crease the output without putting Tumips.-. ,., -3 more acres under cultivation and Testing ‘2 varieties Fall employ-mg more labor? Tunnips...... .. . 2‘ That. production may .to some Testing 2 varietis Carrots 2 extent be .increased without a r y . :correqundgnlg increase in labor is' Tmngszfig; aggfilms Fodder 3' clearly depated..Tihe best strains Testing 3 'varie’ges: Mlle 3 Of seed Wm ' gzve large; yields . t 1 ~ than mterlor .kmds. A'stram sult- Testmg 2varieties Sorghum 2 ed to thesonl and chmate and Tcstinngrags. Peas and two 'sown at the right time‘ v‘v‘ill‘ give 1- ALL-.. _-L___.._ Ln _- Com ............... 0308...... ...... ... ... the business ’04 Woww¢»om»«om owmmow 99999 9999999 9999 999 9999996 9999999 9999999999999999996. 93330333933333. ozozzooozz333:3.o If the facts of the case indicate it, as we believe they do, then the farmer is warranted in employing more Labor, provided suitable labâ€" or can be secured; he is warranted in preparing his land better, sow- imlg‘his seed better, and in this manner doing What he an to meet the Empire’s needs. The ma1 who fails in his duty in the coun- try’s crisis will regiet it all his days. That. production may .to some? extent be increased without a3 corresponding increase in labor is: clearly indicated. 'Dhe best strains! of seed will give larger yields’ than interior kinds. A strain suit-E ed to theasoil and climate and' sown at the right time will give: .better returns than seed that is 90!!! the Down Town Shoe Storezl. S. Mcllraith § 0 mwwzwzneewnwoowwewszan‘flnm‘: There is an appalling and almost universal waste in the handling of Liquid and solid manure ’in t'hls country. Rectisfy this and restore to the soil the elements of fertility now lost through lack of care, and production may be ir creased with- ?ug: any appreciable increase in an or. - ' §§§§O§O§§O§§O§OOOOOOOOO OOOOOOQQO‘OOQOOQQQOOO0099‘ not. Pure seed, plump seed.‘ seed of strong vitality, will increase the yield. These and other im- portant principles are not as wide- ly..a-ppljed as they might be. matte:ea99e999eegeeeeeececeeeeececeooseeseeo‘ Central Drug Store crests sea-9919822338822 W9” cuzeeestug Spring Goods Have Arrived ' Special Reduction Sale Opposite the Old Stand Central Drug Store Prepare Your Stock for Spring By Using the Celebrated Chesney Veterinary Remedies Hnaiet'y fm- :Lllclasses, in many kinds. at close prices. Trunks, Suitcases, etc. In stock. Broken lines of boots that- we are not stocking again are offer-ed at cut. prices. Custom Work and Repairing Promptly Attended To Crme in and have a. look at our new linesofClassie Shoes and Pomps for Ladies, Weston’ s and Eclipse for Misses and Children, Astoria and Brandon for Men, before selecting vour next pail of footwear. Mam7 other lines in stock for less money. Our ptices nn Spring goods are the same on most lines as they were last season. In order to reduce our general stock of Dry Goods. Groceries, Ready Mades, Blankets, Sheeting etc., we haw decided tonnake a Special Reduction on Everything in stock. starting on Intending purchases may rest assured of getting even hettvrlmrgains than we nflvred last. spring. A trial order will convince you. Come in and ask for prices. Manufactured and for Sale only at SATURDAY, JANUARY I6. 1915 These Remedies have been before the public for a quarter of a. centuary. Chesney’s Dry Murrain Powders for Acute Indigestion. A Guranteed Remedy. ()hesney’s Horse and Cattle Spice an All Round Tonic and Digestive Chesney’s Alterative Powder “ The best: Blood Purifier for stockey Regs, grease, scratches, etc., etc. for all kinds of Stock ()hesney’s Heave Powder Chesney’s Cough Powder Chesney’s Cleansing Powder S. SCOTT A Government notice :as been issued prohibiting the export of nrussiate of soda to all foreign destinations, except under special license from the Department of Customs. Word has been received ‘1) Sarn- ia that the mills of the Spanish River Lumber Company at Cutler. on the north shore of Lake Huron. have been destroyed by fire. Commissioner Clark writing an the Agricultural War Book on the “Treatment for Smut Prevention” says that in Eastern Canada there is considerable smut in the grain crops each year. but that it has, not been sufficientlv prevalent to IV realized, and the value of the crop" could be considerably in- creased if treatment for smut pre- vention were more generally prac- ticed. Over half the samples of fall wheat collected in. Ontario contain smut, and it is also verx' common in the spring crops, es- pecially oats. Reports on the sam- ples treated indicate that formalin. one pound in 40 gallons of water. is much more popular than blue- stone as a preventive Treatment of Smut Durham, Outarh